MapRom - Kartläggning av den romska befolkningen i det lantliga och semi-urbana Valakiet år 1838 MapRom - Mapping the Romani population in rural and semi-urban Wallachia in 1838 2021-34-1-1 3141-3.1.1-2017 https://doi.org/10.5878/tz3b-4v36 Swedish National Data Service Svensk nationell datatjänst Landing page MapRom - Kartläggning av den romska befolkningen i det lantliga och semi-urbana Valakiet år 1838 MapRom - Mapping the Romani population in rural and semi-urban Wallachia in 1838 2021-34-1-1 3141-3.1.1-2017 https://doi.org/10.5878/tz3b-4v36 10.3828/rost.2023.7 978-3-96939-071-9 10.26363/SN.2018.4.08 urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-37176 10.30965/9783657790388 1070-4604 978-88-3283-363-8 1528-0748 1757-2274 10.3828/rs.2021.3 urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-36535 0014-2247 2426-6078 Rotaru, Julieta Rotaru, Julieta Gaunt, David Gaunt, David 2017-0027 2017-0027 Swedish National Data Service Svensk nationell datatjänst Landing page FAMILY ENVIRONMENT FAMILJEMILJÖ MINISTERS OF RELIGION PRÄSTER LABOUR AND EMPLOYMENT ARBETE OCH SYSSELSÄTTNING DEMOGRAPHY DEMOGRAFI FAMILY MEMBERS FAMILJEMEDLEMMAR PLACE OF RESIDENCE BOSTADSORT VITAL STATISTICS BEFOLKNINGSSTATISTIK DEMOGRAPHY (POPULATION, VITAL STATISTICS, AND CENSUSES) DEMOGRAFI (POPULATION, VITALSTATISTIK OCH FOLKRÄKNINGAR) Censuses Folkräkningar The main archival source of MapRom database is the “Census of the population or Statistics of the Principalities (Wallachia and Moldova) of 1838”, ANIC, Fond Catagrafii, part I, Inventory number 501, volumes numbered I/8 to I/107 from the Historical National Archives, Bucharest, mostly unpublished and now digitized and automatized for the first time, in regard to Romani population. This Census was conducted by the Interior Ministry in February 1838. It is the first preserved Romanian modern census of population and dwellings, which introduced new techniques of reviewing, such as the nominal lists and the great number (24) of demographic variables, including ethnicity. The unit of observation was the “household”, and the scope was to obtain detailed information about: 1) the settled population by age group, and sex; 2) the number of households and their structure; 3) the number of residential buildings and their distribution according to the material from which they are built; 4) population distribution according to their participation in economic activity; 5) distribution of population by skills and occupations. Based on this information, the MapRom database presents: statistics of the Roma households per village, number of Roms per village, number of different Romani ethnic sub-groups (Lăieș, Vătraș, Rudar, Zlătar, etc), average Romani household size per village, age distribution, sex distribution, number of Roms per skill, geographic distribution of the Roms (in uplands and lowlands), cultivated land area by Roms per village, etc. We found insignificant number of free Roms, rest of them were slaves. For more than 50% of them, we have reconstructed, from other (unpublished) sources the name of the owners (private noblemen, or Monasteries and churches). We searched for other statistical documents to complete our data from 1838 Census, such as the Statistics of the Turkish Gypsies (1833, manuscript ANIC, Vornicia temnitelor, file 354/1833), Statistics of Boyar Gypsy slaves (1832, manuscript ANIC, Diplomatice, dos. 147/1832) and Statistics of Monastery Gypsy slaves (1844, manuscript ANIC, Logofeția Pricinilor Bisericești, dos. 25/1844). etc. When we compared these statistics, we found major discrepancies leading to the important source critical conclusion that the 1838 census concerns mostly the permanently settled Gypsies and included few of the nomadic people. Further examination showed that the number of nomadic Gypsies was relatively small. We also found documents that indicated that Gypsies of the Muslim faith were not either registered in the 1838 census. Over time the nominal lists of the 1838 Census for four counties (Ialomiţa, Gorj, Mededinţi and Vâlcea) as well as some two rural sub-districts and two towns has been lost, but that for 14 Wallachian counties has been preserved and entered in MapRom. The five volumes of nominal material for the capital city Bucharest (with a very large and multi-ethnic population) was not researched in this project as the census there was complexly different from that of the rural provinces in form and execution, but it is hoped that it can be researched at a later date. We estimate that MapRom gathers information on between two-thirds and three-fourths of Wallachia’s Romani population. Den huvudsakliga arkivkällan till MapRom-databasen är "Folkräkningen eller furstestaternas statistik (Wallachia och Moldavien) 1838", ANIC, Fond Catagrafii, del I, inventeringsnummer 501, volymer numrerade I / 8 till I / 107 från Historiska Nationalarkivet, Bukarest, mestadels opublicerat och nu digitaliserat och automatiserat för första gången, med avseende på den romska befolkningen. Denna folkräkning genomfördes av inrikesministeriet i februari 1838. Det är den första bevarade rumänska moderna folkräkningen av befolkning och bostäder, som introducerade nya granskningsmetoder, såsom de nominella listorna och det stora antalet (24) demografiska attribut, inklusive etnicitet. Observationsenheten var ”hushållet” och omfattningen var att få detaljerad information om: 1) den bosatta befolkningen efter åldersgrupp och kön; 2) antalet hushåll och deras struktur; 3) antalet bostadshus och deras fördelning enligt det material de byggs från; 4) befolkningsfördelning efter deras deltagande i ekonomisk verksamhet; 5) befolkningens fördelning efter färdigheter och yrken. Baserat på denna information presenterar MapRom-databasen: statistik över de romska hushållen per by, antal romer per by, antal olika romska etniska undergrupper (Lăieș, Vătraș, Rudar, Zlătar, etc), genomsnittlig romsk hushållsstorlek per by, åldersfördelning, könsfördelning, antal romer per färdighet, romers geografiska fördelning (i höglandet och låglandet), odlad markyta av romer per by, etc. Vi har rekonstruerat information från slavägarna från andra källor. Med tiden har de nominella listorna för fyra län (Ialomiţa, Gorj, Mededinţi och Vâlcea) samt två landsbygdsområden och två städer gått förlorade, men de för 14 valakiska län har bevarats och skrivits in i MapRom. De fem volymerna av nominellt material för huvudstaden Bukarest (med en mycket stor och multietnisk befolkning) undersöktes inte i detta projekt eftersom folkräkningen där skilde sig komplext från landsbygdens provinser i form och utförande, men kan förhoppningsvis undersökas vid ett senare tillfälle. Uppskattningsvis samlar MapRom information om mellan två tredjedelar och tre fjärdedelar av Wallachias romska befolkning. 2017-01-10 2019-12-20 Romania Rumänien HouseholdHousehold HushållHushåll Housing unitHousing unit BostadsenhetBostadsenhet Romani people in the historical Romanian province Wallachia Romer i den historiska provinsen Valakiet, Rumänien Numeric Text Cross-sectionCross-section TvärsnittTvärsnitt Total universe/Complete enumerationTotal universe/Complete enumeration Hela populationen/total räkningHela populationen/total räkning TranscriptionTranscription TranskriptionTranskription Access to data through SND. Data are freely accessible. Åtkomst till data via SND. Data är fritt tillgängliga. openAccess Julieta Rotaru. 2023. “Women breadwinners in Gypsy socio-professional groups of pre-industrial Wallachia.” Romani Studies, Continuing Journal of the Gypsy Lore Society, series 5, 33 (1): 141-157. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3828/rost.2023.7 Julieta Rotaru. 2023. “Women breadwinners in Gypsy socio-professional groups of pre-industrial Wallachia.” Romani Studies, Continuing Journal of the Gypsy Lore Society, series 5, 33 (1): 141-157. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3828/rost.2023.7 10.3828/rost.2023.7 2023 Rotaru, Julieta. “Considerations about the ‘Turkish Gypsies’ as crypto-Muslims in Wallachia.” In: Kyuchukov, Hristo, Zahova, Sofiya, and Duminica, Ion, eds. 2021. History and Culture of Roma. Festschrift for Vesselin Popov. Roma Series 08. München: Lincom Academic Publishers Rotaru, Julieta. “Considerations about the ‘Turkish Gypsies’ as crypto-Muslims in Wallachia.” In: Kyuchukov, Hristo, Zahova, Sofiya, and Duminica, Ion, eds. 2021. History and Culture of Roma. Festschrift for Vesselin Popov. Roma Series 08. München: Lincom Academic Publishers 978-3-96939-071-9 2021 Rotaru, J. (2018). Caught between the Eastern Europe Empires: the case of the alleged Netot Roms. Slovak Ethnology, 66(4), 501–522. https://doi.org/10.26363/SN.2018.4.08 Rotaru, J. (2018). Caught between the Eastern Europe Empires: the case of the alleged Netot Roms. Slovak Ethnology, 66(4), 501–522. https://doi.org/10.26363/SN.2018.4.08 10.26363/SN.2018.4.08 urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-37176 2018 Julieta Rotaru & David Gaunt. The Wallachian gold-washers. Unlocking the golden past of the Rudari woodworkers. Brill Series in Roma Culture and History. Brill Schöningh: Leiden, Boston. 2023. DOI: https://doi.org/10.30965/9783657790388 Julieta Rotaru & David Gaunt. The Wallachian gold-washers. Unlocking the golden past of the Rudari woodworkers. Brill Series in Roma Culture and History. Brill Schöningh: Leiden, Boston. 2023. DOI: https://doi.org/10.30965/9783657790388 10.30965/9783657790388 2023 Rotaru, Julieta. 2023. “Vakǎripen pal-o lil Le bajàśa katar i Valahia: putarindoj o somnakutno nakhlo vaxt e rudarănqo kaj si prinʒarde sar le kaśtale vaj le kaśtćhinărne, anglikanes The Wallachian Gold-washers: Unlocking the Golden Past of the Rudari Woodworkers Julieta Rotaru & David Gaunt, Brill Schöningh: Leiden, Boston, 2023” Newsletter of the Gypsy Lore Society, 46 (3), August 2023. Rotaru, Julieta. 2023. “Vakǎripen pal-o lil Le bajàśa katar i Valahia: putarindoj o somnakutno nakhlo vaxt e rudarănqo kaj si prinʒarde sar le kaśtale vaj le kaśtćhinărne, anglikanes The Wallachian Gold-washers: Unlocking the Golden Past of the Rudari Woodworkers Julieta Rotaru & David Gaunt, Brill Schöningh: Leiden, Boston, 2023” Newsletter of the Gypsy Lore Society, 46 (3), August 2023. 1070-4604 2023 Julieta Rotaru, David Gaunt. “Slavery, socio-economic inequalities and proletarianization in non-agro-pastoral Gypsy groups in early Nineteenth century Wallachia.” Condizioni di vita e disuguaglianze. Una prospettiva storico-demografica, Luca Mocarelli, Giulio Ongaro ed., Società Italiana Di Demografia Storica, 2023, 61-77. Julieta Rotaru, David Gaunt. “Slavery, socio-economic inequalities and proletarianization in non-agro-pastoral Gypsy groups in early Nineteenth century Wallachia.” Condizioni di vita e disuguaglianze. Una prospettiva storico-demografica, Luca Mocarelli, Giulio Ongaro ed., Società Italiana Di Demografia Storica, 2023, 61-77. 978-88-3283-363-8 2023 David Gaunt and Julieta Rotaru. “The Living Conditions of Gypsy Slaves in Early Nineteenth Century Wallachia.” In: Romani Studies. Continuing Journal of the Gypsy Lore Society, series 5, volume 31, issue 1/2021 David Gaunt and Julieta Rotaru. “The Living Conditions of Gypsy Slaves in Early Nineteenth Century Wallachia.” In: Romani Studies. Continuing Journal of the Gypsy Lore Society, series 5, volume 31, issue 1/2021 1528-0748 1757-2274 10.3828/rs.2021.3 2021 Rotaru, J. (2018). Aspects on Romani demographics in 19th century Wallachia. Baltic Worlds, XI(2–3), 34-50. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-36535 Rotaru, J. (2018). Aspects on Romani demographics in 19th century Wallachia. Baltic Worlds, XI(2–3), 34-50. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-36535 urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-36535 2018 Rotaru, Julieta & Gaunt, David. 2023. “Affirmation identitaire pluriséculaire et reconversion professionnelle des Rudari, orpailleurs de Valachie (1388-1838).” Etudes Tsiganes, Fédération nationale des associations solidaires d'action avec les Tsiganes et les Gens du voyage, Paris, 134-143. Rotaru, Julieta & Gaunt, David. 2023. “Affirmation identitaire pluriséculaire et reconversion professionnelle des Rudari, orpailleurs de Valachie (1388-1838).” Etudes Tsiganes, Fédération nationale des associations solidaires d'action avec les Tsiganes et les Gens du voyage, Paris, 134-143. 0014-2247 2426-6078 2023