BAMSE-projektet The BAMSE project ext0037-1-1 Swedish National Data Service Svensk nationell datatjänst BAMSE-projektet The BAMSE project ext0037-1-1 Wickman, Magnus Wickman, Magnus Pershagen, Göran Pershagen, Göran Kull, Inger Kull, Inger Melén, Erik Melén, Erik Bergström, Anna Bergström, Anna 2008-05928_VR 2008-05928_VR Swedish National Data Service Svensk nationell datatjänst Blood Pressure Blodtryck Blood Specimen Collection Blodprovstagning Life Style Livsstil Longitudinal Studies Longitudinella studier Prospective Studies Prospektiva studier Socioeconomic Factors Socioekonomiska faktorer Allergens Allergener Allergy and Immunology Allergi och immunologi Respiratory Function Tests Respiratoriska funktionstester Respiratory Sounds Andningsljud Asthma Astma Child Barn Eczema Eksem Genetics Genetik Body Height Kroppslängd Body Weight Kroppsvikt Patch Tests Lapptester Food Hypersensitivity Livsmedelsöverkänslighet Air Pollution Luftförorening Air Pollution, Indoor Luftförorening, inomhus Lung Diseases Lungsjukdomar Environmental Exposure Miljöexponering Tobacco Smoke Pollution Tobaksröksförorening Pollen Pollen Rhinitis Snuva Pets Sällskapsdjur Heredity Ärftlighet Hypersensitivity Överkänslighet HEALTH HÄLSA Both hereditary and environmental factors influence the risk of children developing lung- and allergy-related diseases, but how these factors affect the age of onset and prognosis has been little studied. Similarly, it is unknown which factors determine whether these diseases regress during childhood, remain mild, or worsen. A unified database that tracks lifestyle and allergic diseases from birth through adolescence is lacking both nationally and internationally. Use of the infrastructure: From 1994 to 1996, over 4,000 children were born in pre-selected areas of Stockholm County. These children have been followed with repeated questionnaires and examinations as part of the BAMSE project (at ages 0, 1, 2, 4, 8, 12, 16, and 24 years). Additionally, the BAMSE COVID-19 follow-up study, initiated in August 2020, aims to investigate risk factors for COVID-19 and the long-term health consequences among young adults. In a new project, we also plan to study how allergic diseases affect the introduction to working life. We will collect information on work-related factors from the LISA register and the MiDAS register for study participants who have not declined to allow their information to be collected from national and regional registers. A large database with more than 6,000 variables containing all collected information has been gradually built up. A comprehensive national and international research collaboration has been established around environment and genetics in relation to the development of lung and allergic diseases within the framework of the project. With data from the collected material, the development of allergic diseases has been described, as well as risk factors for allergic diseases and the consequences for quality of life due to such diseases. More than 300 scientific articles have been published, 42 doctoral dissertations and one licentiate thesis have been presented. Ongoing extensive work is being done to develop the database by adding and evaluating collected data, working with descriptions of individual and composite variables used by the various research groups, and developing epidemiological/statistical analysis techniques. With the help of epidemiology assistants and statisticians, high quality in the datasets used by different research groups is ensured. New research opportunities: More than 30 senior researchers within KI, nationally outside KI, and internationally collaborate with the project. The project is part of a European collaboration involving several cohorts to achieve sufficient statistical power. Data on more than 30,000 children are included in the joint European database, to which BAMSE contributes data on 4,000 children. Several areas can be researched, but the main focus will be on lung and allergic diseases, environment, and genetics. Significant efforts are being made to make the database well-known and accessible to researchers. The structure of the BAMSE database is available on the internet across three sites. Significance: Due to its population-based recruitment, repeated follow-ups with the collection of biological material throughout childhood and adolescence, low attrition, more than 6,000 variables, European collaboration, and the establishment of a joint database of more than 30,000 children, there are excellent opportunities for world-leading research aimed at preventing lung and allergic diseases and reducing the burden for those already affected. Aim: The aim of the project is to study risk factors and how environment, lifestyle, and heredity influence the development of asthma and allergies. During the course of the project, the aim has expanded to also include other common public health diseases such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, obesity, and cardiovascular disease. Både ärftliga och miljörelaterade faktorer påverkar risken att barn insjuknar i lung- och allergirelaterade sjukdomar, men hur dessa faktorer påverkar debutålder och prognos är föga studerat. Likaså är det okänt vilka faktorer som avgör om dessa sjukdomar går tillbaka under barnaåren, om de förblir av lindrig art eller förvärras. En sammanhållen databas där livsstil och allergisjukdom studeras från födseln till och med tonåren saknas både nationellt och internationellt. Infrastrukturens användning: från 1994 till 1996 föddes drygt 4000 barn i vissa på förhand utvalda områden i Stockholms län. Dessa har följts med upprepade frågeformulär och undersökningar inom ramen för det s.k. BAMSE-projektet (0, 1, 2, 4, 8, 12, 16 och 24 år). Därtill genomfördes BAMSE covid-19 uppföljningsstudien som startade i augusti 2020 och där syftet är att undersöka riskfaktorer för covid-19 och långsiktiga hälsokonsekvenser bland unga vuxna. I ett nytt projekt planerar vi även att studera hur allergisjukdom påverkar introduktionen i yrkeslivet. Vi kommer att inhämta information om yrkesrelaterade faktorer från LISA-registret och MiDAS-registret för studiedeltagare som inte avböjt att information om dem samlas in från nationella och regionala register. En större databas på mer än 6000 variabler innehållande all insamlad information har succesivt byggts upp. Ett omfattande nationellt och internationellt forskningssamarbete är etablerat kring miljö och genetik i relation till utveckling av lung- och allergisjukdomar inom ramen för projektet. Med data från det insamlade materialet har utvecklingen av allergisjukdomar beskrivits liksom riskfaktorer för allergisjukdomar samt konsekvenser på livskvalitén av sådana sjukdomar. Mer än 300 vetenskapliga artiklar har publicerats, 42 doktorsavhandlingar och en licentiatavhandling har lagts fram. Fortlöpande sker ett omfattande arbete med att utveckla databasen genom att lägga in och utvärdera insamlade data, arbeta med beskrivningar av enskilda och sammansatta variabler som används av de olika forskargrupperna, samt utveckla den epidemiologiskt/statistiska analystekniken. Med hjälp av epidemiologassistenter och statistiker säkerställs en hög kvalitet i de dataset som används av olika forskargrupper. Nya möjligheter till forskning: Mer än 30 seniora forskare inom KI, nationellt utanför KI samt internationellt samarbetar med projektet. Projektet ingår i europasamarbete där ett flertal kohorter ingår för att erhålla tillräcklig statistisk teststyrka. Data på mer än 30 000 barn finns i den gemensamma europeiska databasen där BAMSE således bidrar med data på 4000 barn. Ett flertal områden kan beforskas, men huvudvikt kommer att ligga på lung- och allergisjukdomar, miljö och genetik. Stora ansträngningar görs för att databasen ska bli allmänt känd och tillgänglig för forskare. BAMSE-databasens struktur finns bl.a. tillgänglig via internet på tre sajter. Betydelse: Genom sin populationsbaserade rekrytering, upprepade uppföljningar med insamlande av biologiskt material under hela barndomen och upp i tonåren, litet bortfall, mer än 6 000 variabler, europeiskt samarbete och uppbyggnad av gemensam databas på mer än 30 000 barn, så föreligger det utmärkta möjligheter till världsledande forskning med syfte att förebygga lung- och allergisjukdomar samt att minska bördan för redan drabbade. Syfte: Syftet med projektet är att studera riskfaktorer och hur miljö, livsstil och arv påverkar utveckling av astma och allergi. Under projektets gång har syftet utökats till att också inkludera andra vanliga folksjukdomar såsom kronisk obstruktiv lungsjukdom, övervikt och hjärt-kärlsjukdom. 1994 1996 1995 1997 1996 1998 1998 2000 1998 2000 2002 2004 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010 2012 2010 2012 2018 2020 2018 2020 Sweden Sverige IndividualIndividual IndividIndivid Children and parents from selected areas in Stockholm County Barn och föräldrar från utvalda områden i Stockholms län Numeric Longitudinal: Cohort/Event-basedLongitudinal: Cohort/Event-based Longitudinell: Kohort/HändelsebaseradLongitudinell: Kohort/Händelsebaserad All parents to children born in Järfälla, Solna, Sundbyberg, Vasastan and Norrmalm from Februari 1994 to November 1996 were asked by their pediatric clinic nurse to participate in the study.All parents to children born in Järfälla, Solna, Sundbyberg, Vasastan and Norrmalm from Februari 1994 to November 1996 were asked by their pediatric clinic nurse to participate in the study. Samtliga föräldrar till barn som föddes i Järfälla, Solna, Sundbyberg samt Vasastan och Norrmalm från februari 1994 till november 1996 tillfrågades av sin BVC-sköterska om att delta i studien.Samtliga föräldrar till barn som föddes i Järfälla, Solna, Sundbyberg samt Vasastan och Norrmalm från februari 1994 till november 1996 tillfrågades av sin BVC-sköterska om att delta i studien. Questionnaire for guardians 219 variables 75% response rate (4089 out of 5488)Questionnaire for guardians 219 variables 75% response rate (4089 out of 5488) Frågeformulär till vårdnadshavare 219 variabler 75 % svarsfrekvens (4089 av 5488)Frågeformulär till vårdnadshavare 219 variabler 75 % svarsfrekvens (4089 av 5488) Self-administered questionnaire: PaperSelf-administered questionnaire: Paper Självadministrerat frågeformulär: papperSjälvadministrerat frågeformulär: papper Questionnaire for guardians 174 variables 96% response rateQuestionnaire for guardians 174 variables 96% response rate Frågeformulär till vårdnadshavare 174 variabler 96 % svarsfrekvensFrågeformulär till vårdnadshavare 174 variabler 96 % svarsfrekvens Self-administered questionnaire: PaperSelf-administered questionnaire: Paper Självadministrerat frågeformulär: papperSjälvadministrerat frågeformulär: papper Questionnaire for guardians 176 variables 96% response rateQuestionnaire for guardians 176 variables 96% response rate Frågeformulär till vårdnadshavare 176 variabler 96 % svarsfrekvensFrågeformulär till vårdnadshavare 176 variabler 96 % svarsfrekvens Self-administered questionnaire: PaperSelf-administered questionnaire: Paper Självadministrerat frågeformulär: papperSjälvadministrerat frågeformulär: papper Damm PEF Blod, DNA UrinDamm PEF Blod, DNA Urin Physical measurements and testsPhysical measurements and tests Fysiska mätningar och testerFysiska mätningar och tester Questionnaire for guardians 324 variables 91% response rateQuestionnaire for guardians 324 variables 91% response rate Frågeformulär till vårdnadshavare 324 variabler 91 % svarsfrekvensFrågeformulär till vårdnadshavare 324 variabler 91 % svarsfrekvens Self-administered questionnaire: PaperSelf-administered questionnaire: Paper Självadministrerat frågeformulär: papperSjälvadministrerat frågeformulär: papper Spirometri Blod, DNASpirometri Blod, DNA Physical measurements and testsPhysical measurements and tests Fysiska mätningar och testerFysiska mätningar och tester Questionnaire for guardians 725 variables 84% response rate A dietary survey was also conducted with a 64% response rate.Questionnaire for guardians 725 variables 84% response rate A dietary survey was also conducted with a 64% response rate. Frågeformulär till vårdnadshavare 725 variabler 84 % svarsfrekvens Gjordes även en kostenkät med 64 % svarsfrekvens.Frågeformulär till vårdnadshavare 725 variabler 84 % svarsfrekvens Gjordes även en kostenkät med 64 % svarsfrekvens. Self-administered questionnaire: PaperSelf-administered questionnaire: Paper Självadministrerat frågeformulär: papperSjälvadministrerat frågeformulär: papper Questionnaire for guardians and children 930 variables 82% response rateQuestionnaire for guardians and children 930 variables 82% response rate Frågeformulär till vårdnadshavare och barn 930 variabler 82 % svarsfrekvensFrågeformulär till vårdnadshavare och barn 930 variabler 82 % svarsfrekvens Self-administered questionnaire: PaperSelf-administered questionnaire: Paper Självadministrerat frågeformulär: papperSjälvadministrerat frågeformulär: papper Questionnaire for guardians and children 296 variables 79% response rateQuestionnaire for guardians and children 296 variables 79% response rate Frågeformulär till vårdnadshavare och barn 296 variabler 79 % svarsfrekvensFrågeformulär till vårdnadshavare och barn 296 variabler 79 % svarsfrekvens Self-administered questionnaire: Web-based (CAWI)Self-administered questionnaire: Web-based (CAWI) Självadministrerat frågeformulär: webbaseratSjälvadministrerat frågeformulär: webbaserat Spirometri Impulse Oscil. FeNO Blod, DNA, RNA LapptestSpirometri Impulse Oscil. FeNO Blod, DNA, RNA Lapptest Physical measurements and testsPhysical measurements and tests Fysiska mätningar och testerFysiska mätningar och tester Questionnaire for participating children (now adults) 75% response rateQuestionnaire for participating children (now adults) 75% response rate Frågeformulär till deltagande barn (nu vuxna) 75 % svarsfrekvensFrågeformulär till deltagande barn (nu vuxna) 75 % svarsfrekvens Self-administered questionnaire: Web-based (CAWI)Self-administered questionnaire: Web-based (CAWI) Självadministrerat frågeformulär: webbaseratSjälvadministrerat frågeformulär: webbaserat Klinisk undersökning Spirometri N2-utsköljning FeNO Blodtryck Blod Näsprov Urin SalivaKlinisk undersökning Spirometri N2-utsköljning FeNO Blodtryck Blod Näsprov Urin Saliva Physical measurements and testsPhysical measurements and tests Fysiska mätningar och testerFysiska mätningar och tester Access to data through an external actor. Access to data is restricted. Åtkomst till data via extern aktör. Tillgång till data är begränsad. restrictedAccess Mai X-M., Almqvist C., Nilsson L., Wickman M. Birth anthropometric measures, body mass index and allergic diseases in a birth cohort study (BAMSE). Archives of Disease in Childhood 2007; 92: 881-886 Mai X-M., Almqvist C., Nilsson L., Wickman M. Birth anthropometric measures, body mass index and allergic diseases in a birth cohort study (BAMSE). Archives of Disease in Childhood 2007; 92: 881-886 Bunyavanich S., Melen E., Wilk JB., Granada M., Soto-Quiros ME., Avila L., Lasky-Su J., Hunninghake GM., Wickman M., Pershagen G., O'Connor GT., Weiss ST., Celedón JC. Thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) is associated with allergic rhinitis in children with asthma. Clinical and Molecular Allergy 2011 Jan 18;9:1 Bunyavanich S., Melen E., Wilk JB., Granada M., Soto-Quiros ME., Avila L., Lasky-Su J., Hunninghake GM., Wickman M., Pershagen G., O'Connor GT., Weiss ST., Celedón JC. Thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) is associated with allergic rhinitis in children with asthma. Clinical and Molecular Allergy 2011 Jan 18;9:1 Kull I., Bergström A., Lilja G., Pershagen G., Wickman M. Fish consumption during the first year of life and development of allergic diseases during childhood. Allergy 2006; 61: 1009-1015. Kull I., Bergström A., Lilja G., Pershagen G., Wickman M. Fish consumption during the first year of life and development of allergic diseases during childhood. Allergy 2006; 61: 1009-1015. Böhme M, Svensson Å, Kull I, Nordvall SL, Wahlgren CF. Clinical features of atopic dermatitis at two years of age: A prospective, population-based case-control study. Acta Derm Venereol 2001; 81:193-197. Böhme M, Svensson Å, Kull I, Nordvall SL, Wahlgren CF. Clinical features of atopic dermatitis at two years of age: A prospective, population-based case-control study. Acta Derm Venereol 2001; 81:193-197. Kull I., Bohme M., Wahlgren CF., Nordvall L., Pershagen G., Wickman M. Breast-feeding reduces the risk for childhood eczema. Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology 2005; 116:657-61 Kull I., Bohme M., Wahlgren CF., Nordvall L., Pershagen G., Wickman M. Breast-feeding reduces the risk for childhood eczema. Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology 2005; 116:657-61 Panasevich, Sviatlana. Air pollution, genetic susceptibility and inflammation - Focusing on cardiovascular effects in adults and respiratory effects in children. Thesis, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm 2011 Panasevich, Sviatlana. Air pollution, genetic susceptibility and inflammation - Focusing on cardiovascular effects in adults and respiratory effects in children. Thesis, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm 2011 Östblom, Eva. Symptoms of food hypersensitivity in relation to sensitization to food and health-related quality of life in children. Thesis, Karolinska institutet, Stockholm 2008 Östblom, Eva. Symptoms of food hypersensitivity in relation to sensitization to food and health-related quality of life in children. Thesis, Karolinska institutet, Stockholm 2008 Panasevich S., Lindgren C., Kere J., Wickman M., Pershagen G., Nyberg F., Melén E. Interaction between early maternal smoking and variants in TNF and GSTP1 in childhood wheezing. Clin Exp Allergy 2010 Mar;40(3):458-67. Panasevich S., Lindgren C., Kere J., Wickman M., Pershagen G., Nyberg F., Melén E. Interaction between early maternal smoking and variants in TNF and GSTP1 in childhood wheezing. Clin Exp Allergy 2010 Mar;40(3):458-67. Saarne T., Grönlund H., Kull I., Almqvist C., Wickman M., van Hage M. Cat sensitization identified by recombinant Fel d 1 several years before symptoms - results from the bamse cohort. Pediatric Allergy and Immunology 2010; 21: 277-283 Saarne T., Grönlund H., Kull I., Almqvist C., Wickman M., van Hage M. 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Böhme M., Kull I., Bergström A., Wickman M., Nordvall L., Pershagen G., Wahlgren CF. Parental smoking increases the risk for eczema with sensitization in 4-year-old children. Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology 2010 Apr;125(4):941-3. Wickman M, Kull I, Pershagen G, Nordvall SL. The BAMSE project: presentation of a prospective longitudinal birth cohort study. Pediatric Allergy and Immunology 2002; 13(Suppl. 15): 11-13. Wickman M, Kull I, Pershagen G, Nordvall SL. The BAMSE project: presentation of a prospective longitudinal birth cohort study. Pediatric Allergy and Immunology 2002; 13(Suppl. 15): 11-13. Melén E., Nyberg F., Lindgren CM., Berglind N., Zucchelli M., Nordling E., Hallberg J., Svartengren M., Morgenstern R., Kere J., Bellander T., Wickman M., Pershagen G. Interactions between glutathione S-transferase P1, tumor necrosis factor, and traffic-related air pollution for development of childhood allergic disease. Environmental Health Perspectives 2008 Aug;116(8):1077-84. Melén E., Nyberg F., Lindgren CM., Berglind N., Zucchelli M., Nordling E., Hallberg J., Svartengren M., Morgenstern R., Kere J., Bellander T., Wickman M., Pershagen G. Interactions between glutathione S-transferase P1, tumor necrosis factor, and traffic-related air pollution for development of childhood allergic disease. Environmental Health Perspectives 2008 Aug;116(8):1077-84. Kull, Inger. Infant feeding and allergy in children. Doktorsavhandling, Karolinska institutet, Stockholm 2005 Kull, Inger. Infant feeding and allergy in children. Doktorsavhandling, Karolinska institutet, Stockholm 2005 Emenius G, Pershagen G, Berglind N, Kwon HJ, Lewné M, Nordvall L, Wickman M. NO2, as a marker of air pollution, and recurrent wheezing in children - a nested case-control study within the BAMSE birth cohort. Occupupational and Environmental Medicine 2003; 60(11): 876-81. Emenius G, Pershagen G, Berglind N, Kwon HJ, Lewné M, Nordvall L, Wickman M. NO2, as a marker of air pollution, and recurrent wheezing in children - a nested case-control study within the BAMSE birth cohort. Occupupational and Environmental Medicine 2003; 60(11): 876-81. Brew BK., Kull I., Garden F., Almqvist C., Bergström A., Lind T., Webb K., Wickman M., Marks GB. Breastfeeding, asthma and allergy: a tale of two cities Pediatric Allergy and Immunology 2012 Feb;23(1):75-82 Brew BK., Kull I., Garden F., Almqvist C., Bergström A., Lind T., Webb K., Wickman M., Marks GB. Breastfeeding, asthma and allergy: a tale of two cities Pediatric Allergy and Immunology 2012 Feb;23(1):75-82 Wickman, M. Experience with quantitative IgE antibody analysis in relation to allergic disease within the BAMSE birth cohort - towards an improved diagnostic process. Allergy 2004; 59 (Suppl. 78): 30-31 Wickman, M. Experience with quantitative IgE antibody analysis in relation to allergic disease within the BAMSE birth cohort - towards an improved diagnostic process. Allergy 2004; 59 (Suppl. 78): 30-31 Wickman M, Melen E, Berglind N, Lennart Nordvall S, Almqvist C, Kull I, Svartengren M, Pershagen G. Strategies for preventing wheezing and asthma in small children. Allergy 2003; 58(8): 742-747. Wickman M, Melen E, Berglind N, Lennart Nordvall S, Almqvist C, Kull I, Svartengren M, Pershagen G. Strategies for preventing wheezing and asthma in small children. Allergy 2003; 58(8): 742-747. Melén E., Umerkajeff S., Nyberg F., Zucchelli M., Lindstedt A., Gullstén H., Wickman M., Pershagen G., Kere J. Interaction between variants in the interleukin-4 receptor a and interleukin-9 receptor genes in childhood wheezing: evidence from a birth cohort study. Clinical and Experimental Allergy 2006; 36: 1391-1398 Melén E., Umerkajeff S., Nyberg F., Zucchelli M., Lindstedt A., Gullstén H., Wickman M., Pershagen G., Kere J. Interaction between variants in the interleukin-4 receptor a and interleukin-9 receptor genes in childhood wheezing: evidence from a birth cohort study. Clinical and Experimental Allergy 2006; 36: 1391-1398 Sidorchuk A., Lagarde F., Pershagen G., Wickman M., Linde A. Epstein-Barr virus infection is not associated with development of allergy in children. The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal 2003 Jul;22(7):642-7 Sidorchuk A., Lagarde F., Pershagen G., Wickman M., Linde A. Epstein-Barr virus infection is not associated with development of allergy in children. The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal 2003 Jul;22(7):642-7 Melén E., Bruce S., Doekes G., Kabesch M., Laitinen T., Lauener R., Lindgren C. M., Riedler J., Scheynius A., van Hage-Hamsten M., Kere J., Pershagen G., Wickman M., Nyberg F., and the PARSIFAL Genetics Study Group. Haplotypes of G Protein-coupled Receptor 154 Are Associated with Childhood Allergy and Asthma. 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Allergy 2008; 63: 1499-1504 Vrijheid M., Casas M., Bergström A., Carmichael A., Cordier S., Eggesbø M., Eller E., Fantini MP., Fernández MF., Fernández-Somoano A., Gehring U., Grazuleviciene R., Hohmann C., Karvonen AM., Keil T., Kogevinas M., Koppen G., Krämer U., Kuehni CE., Magnus P., Majewska R., Andersen AM., Patelarou E., Petersen MS., Pierik FH., Polanska K., Porta D., Richiardi L., Santos AC., Slama R., Sram RJ., Thijs C., Tischer C., Toft G., Trnovec T., Vandentorren S., Vrijkotte TG., Wilhelm M., Wright J., Nieuw Vrijheid M., Casas M., Bergström A., Carmichael A., Cordier S., Eggesbø M., Eller E., Fantini MP., Fernández MF., Fernández-Somoano A., Gehring U., Grazuleviciene R., Hohmann C., Karvonen AM., Keil T., Kogevinas M., Koppen G., Krämer U., Kuehni CE., Magnus P., Majewska R., Andersen AM., Patelarou E., Petersen MS., Pierik FH., Polanska K., Porta D., Richiardi L., Santos AC., Slama R., Sram RJ., Thijs C., Tischer C., Toft G., Trnovec T., Vandentorren S., Vrijkotte TG., Wilhelm M., Wright J., Nieuw Gruzieva O., Bellander T., Eneroth K., Kull I., Melén E., Nordling E., van Hage M., Wickman M., Moskalenko V., Hulchiy O., Pershagen G. 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Thesis, Stockholms university 2006 Böhme M, Lannerö E, Wickman M, Nordvall S, Wahlgren C. Atopic dermatitis and concomitant disease patterns in children up to two years of age. Acta Dermato Venereologica 2002; 82: 98-103 Böhme M, Lannerö E, Wickman M, Nordvall S, Wahlgren C. Atopic dermatitis and concomitant disease patterns in children up to two years of age. Acta Dermato Venereologica 2002; 82: 98-103 Almqvist C, Egmar AC, van Hage-Hamsten M, Berglind N, Pershagen G, Nordvall SL, et al. Heredity, pet ownership, and confounding control in a population-based birth cohort. Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology 2003; 111: 800-6 Almqvist C, Egmar AC, van Hage-Hamsten M, Berglind N, Pershagen G, Nordvall SL, et al. Heredity, pet ownership, and confounding control in a population-based birth cohort. Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology 2003; 111: 800-6 Lannerö, Eva. Parental smoking, wheezing and sensitisation in early childhood. 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