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        <titl xml:lang="sv">SLOSH-studien The Swedish Longitudinal Occuptional Survey of Health - 2012</titl>
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        <AuthEnty xml:lang="en" affiliation="Stress Research Institute, Stockholm University">Westerlund, Hugo</AuthEnty>
        <AuthEnty xml:lang="sv" affiliation="Stressforskningsinstitutet, Stockholms universitet">Westerlund, Hugo</AuthEnty>
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        <serName xml:lang="en" abbr="reward">REWHARD - RElations, Work and Health across the life-course - A Research Data infrastructure</serName>
        <serInfo xml:lang="en">REWHARD (RElations, Work and Health across the life-course - A Research Data infrastructure) is a national infrastructure consortium that seeks to promote research on a central issue regarding human welfare: how activities (especially in paid and unpaid work) and social relations (both in and outside the workplace) are related to living conditions, lifestyles and health development over the life course. The consortium therefore works to ensure the long term survival, development and nationwide use of 8 complementary, high-quality longitudinal databases with multiple repeated investigations, both self-reported and register-based, of exposures and health outcomes from childhood through adulthood and into old age.

The infrastructure project includes the following studies: SLOSH (Swedish Longitudinal Occupational Survey of Health), LNU (LevnadsNivåUndersökningen), IMAS (Insurance Medicine – All Sweden), and STODS (The Swedish Twin project Of Disability pension and Sickness absence).

Research based on REWHARD is developed from theories from different fields of research, such as psychology, sociology, economics, medicine and public health and will be able to answer a variety of questions about living and working conditions, public policy, and how individual choices affect the long-term development of the health and wellbeing of the population in relation to the challenges of an aging population, changes in employment and high immigration. REWHARD should therefore be of great importance for society by providing politicians and other decision-makers valuable, scientifically substantiated basis for decision making.

Contact, REWHARD:
Hugo Westerlund, Professor, Division Manager for Epidemiology, Stockholm University
hugo.westerlund@su.se</serInfo>
        <serInfo xml:lang="sv">REWHARD är ett nationellt infrastrukturkonsortium som fått bidrag från Vetenskasrådet för att främja forskning om en central fråga för människans välfärd: hur aktiviteter (särskilt i betalt och obetalt arbete) och sociala relationer (både i och utanför arbetet) är relaterade till levnadsförhållanden, livsstil och hälsoutveckling över livsloppet. Konsortiet arbetar därför för att säkerställa den långsiktiga överlevnaden, utvecklingen och rikstäckande användningen av 4 komplementära, högkvalitativa longitudinella databaser med många upprepade mätningar, både självrapporterade och registerbaserade, av exponeringar och hälsoutfall från barndomen, genom vuxenlivet och in i ålderdomen.

I infrastruktursamarbetet ingår studierna: SLOSH (Swedish Longitudinal Occupational Survey of Health), LNU (LevnadsNivåUndersökningen), IMAS (Insurance Medicine – All Sweden) och STODS (The Swedish Twin project Of Disability pension and Sickness absence).

Forskning baserad på REWHARD bygger bland annat på teorier från psykologi, sociologi, nationalekonomi, medicin och folkhälsovetenskap och kommer att kunna svara på en mängd frågor om hur levnads- och arbetsförhållanden, offentlig policy, och individuella val påverkar långsiktig utveckling av hälsa och välbefinnande i befolkningen, inte minst i relation till utmaningar som en åldrande befolkning, omställningar i arbetslivet och en hög invandring. REWHARD bör därför ha stor betydelse för samhället genom att ge politiker och andra beslutsfattare bra, vetenskapligt underbyggda beslutsunderlag.

Kontaktperson REWHARD:
Hugo Westerlund, Professor, enhetschef för Epidemiologi, Stockholms Universitet
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        <keyword xml:lang="en" vocab="ELSST" vocabURI="https://elsst.cessda.eu/id/6/123c3ad0-52a3-4da1-ab8f-42a31cc0483b">PART-TIME EMPLOYMENT</keyword>
        <keyword xml:lang="sv" vocab="ELSST" vocabURI="https://elsst.cessda.eu/id/6/123c3ad0-52a3-4da1-ab8f-42a31cc0483b">DELTIDSARBETE</keyword>
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        <keyword xml:lang="sv" vocab="MeSH" vocabURI="http://id.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/D015331">Kohortstudier</keyword>
        <keyword xml:lang="en" vocab="MeSH" vocabURI="http://id.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/D016526">Workload</keyword>
        <keyword xml:lang="sv" vocab="MeSH" vocabURI="http://id.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/D016526">Arbetsbelastning</keyword>
        <keyword xml:lang="en" vocab="MeSH" vocabURI="http://id.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/D017132">Workplace</keyword>
        <keyword xml:lang="sv" vocab="MeSH" vocabURI="http://id.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/D017132">Arbetsplats</keyword>
        <keyword xml:lang="en" vocab="MeSH" vocabURI="http://id.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/D013647">Task Performance and Analysis</keyword>
        <keyword xml:lang="sv" vocab="MeSH" vocabURI="http://id.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/D013647">Uppgiftsprestation och analys</keyword>
        <keyword xml:lang="en" vocab="MeSH" vocabURI="http://id.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/D011590">Psychology, Industrial</keyword>
        <keyword xml:lang="sv" vocab="MeSH" vocabURI="http://id.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/D011590">Arbetspsykologi</keyword>
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        <topcClas xml:lang="en" vocab="CESSDA Topic Classification" vocabURI="https://vocabularies.cessda.eu/vocabulary/TopicClassification?code=Health">HEALTH</topcClas>
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        <topcClas xml:lang="en" vocab="CESSDA Topic Classification" vocabURI="https://vocabularies.cessda.eu/vocabulary/TopicClassification?code=LabourAndEmployment.WorkingConditions">Working conditions</topcClas>
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      </subject>
      <abstract xml:lang="en" contentType="abstract">The Swedish Longitudinal Occupational Survey of Health (SLOSH) is a unique prospective study on work environment and health. SLOSH was initiated by the Stress Research Institute at Stockholm University in 2006 and aims to study the complex relationships between work organization, work environment, labour market participation and health. 

Commissioned by Stress Research Institute, Statistics Sweden (SCB) mails self-completion questionnaires to the participants every second. Registry data are linked both retrospectively and prospectively. 

SLOSH is based on the Swedish Work Environment Surveys of 2003 and 2005 (SWES). The first follow-up was conducted in March 2006, when all the 9,200 participants of the SWES 2003 were mailed self-completion questionnaires. In 2008, the second follow-up was realized, where also participants of the 2005 SWES were invited to participate. The core of the SLOSH therefore consists of a total of 18 915 persons. The third follow-up was conducted in 2010, which also included 2,553 participants from Stockholm and Västra Götaland who has responded to SWES 2007, a fourth follow-up in 2012, and a fifth data collection during spring 2014. Continued follow-ups are planned for every other year.
The survey is available in two versions, one for participants in gainful employment and one for those who are not gainfully employed or work more than 30 percent. The survey for those in gainful employment is divided into three parts with the first part containing questions from SWES, but also new questions about changes in employment, demand and control at work, effort and reward, organizational justice, leadership etc. The second part is about health and wellbeing and the third section highlights the general life situation. Also the survey for those who have temporarily or permanently left the labour market is divided into three parts, where the second and third part is almost identical to the survey for workers. The first part deals with questions about current supply, reasons why for not working and the positive and negative aspects of not being gainfully employed. In order not to burden the participants with too many questions, questionnaire data is linked to register data on employment, sick leave, hospitalisation etc. both prospectively and back in time.

Purpose:

SLOSH is a unique prospective study on work environment and health. It is expected to provide a basis for improvements of work environment and to contribute to a better understanding regarding work-related ill-health in Sweden and other countries.

During spring 2012, a fourth follow-up was conducted. The follow-up included those who participated in the Swedish Work Environment Surveys of 2003 and 2005 (SWES). The sample consisted of 17,409 individuals. A total of 9880 respondents answered to one of the two questionnaires that was sent out, with a response rate of 56,8 percent. 
7,325 respondents answered the questionnaire for working persons, and 2,555 answered the questionnaire for non-working persons.</abstract>
      <abstract xml:lang="sv" contentType="abstract">Studien Swedish Longitudinal Occupational Survey of Health (SLOSH) är en longitudinell studie som påbörjades under 2006 av Stressforskningsinstitutet på Stockholms universitet. 

Studien förväntas ge underlag till ett effektivare arbetsmiljöarbete och till en ökad förståelse av den arbetsrelaterade ohälsan i Sverige. Dessutom är syftet att bidra till den vetenskapliga kunskapen om hur arbetslivet, i kombination med faktorer utanför arbetet, påverkar människans hälsa. Med studiens longitudinella upplägg, som innebär att samma personer följs med liknande frågor över tid, ges möjligheter att analysera vad som kommer först i en tänkt orsakskedja.


På uppdrag av Stressforskningsinstitutet skickar SCB ut postenkäter vartannat år. Registerdata från register om bland annat sjukskrivning och sjukhusinläggning kopplas till svaren både retrospektivt (bakåt i tiden) och prospektivt (framåt i tiden). 


SLOSH bygger på 2003, 2005 och delvis 2007 års arbetsmiljöundersökningar (AMU).
I mars 2006 gjordes en första uppföljning av de 9 200 personer som hade besvarat AMU 2003 genom att frågeformulär skickades ut per post. Under 2008 genomfördes den andra uppföljningen, då även de som hade besvarat 2005 års AMU inbjöds att medverka. Kärnan i SLOSH består därför av totalt 18 915 personer. Under 2010 genomfördes en tredje uppföljning där även 2 553 deltagare från AMU 2007 bosatta i Stockholms eller Västra Götalands län inbjöds att delta. Under 2012 genomfördes en fjärde insamling och under våren 2014 en femte. Därefter planeras insamling att ske vartannat år. 
Enkäten som skickas med post till deltagarna finns i två versioner, en för dem som förvärvsarbetar och en för dem som inte förvärvsarbetar. Enkäten för förvärvsarbetande innehåller frågor om arbetsorganisation, arbetsmiljö, livsstil, social situation utanför arbetet samt hälsa. Enkäten till icke förvärvsarbetande liknar den för förvärvsarbetande, men istället för frågor om arbetet ställs frågor som kan vara relevanta för ålderspensionärer, helt förtidspensionerade, arbetslösa, studerande, långtidssjukskrivna, föräldralediga, hemarbetande och andra som tillfälligt eller permanent slutat att förvärvsarbeta.

Syfte:

SLOSH är en unik longitudinell studie om arbetslivets förändringar, arbetsmiljö, stress och välbefinnande. Studien förväntas ge underlag till ett effektivare arbetsmiljöarbete och till ökad förståelse gällande den arbetsrelaterade ohälsan i Sverige och övriga världen.

Under våren 2012 genomfördes en fjärde uppföljning i SLOSH-studien. Urvalet bestod av 17 409 personer efter det att övertäckningen och personer som tidigare meddelat att de inte kan/vill delta räknats bort. Det var totalt
9 880 personer som besvarade någon av de två frågeblanketterna som skickades ut, vilket motsvarade 56,8 procent av urvalet. Det var 7 325 personer som valde att svara på blanketten till förvärvsarbetande och 2 555 personer som
valde att svara på blanketten till de som inte förvärvsarbetar.</abstract>
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            <titl xml:lang="sv">Canlon B, Theorell T, Hasson D. Associations between stress and hearing problems in humans. Hear Res 2013; 295: 9-15.</titl>
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            <titl xml:lang="sv">Fransson EI, Nyberg ST, Heikkila K, Alfredsson L, De Bacquer D, et al. Comparison of alternative versions of the job demand-control scales in 17 European cohort studies: the IPD-Work consortium. BMC Public Health 2012;12: 62.</titl>
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            <titl xml:lang="sv">Theorell T, Nyberg A, Leineweber C, Magnusson Hanson LL, Oxenstierna G, Westerlund H. Non-listening and self centered leadership - relationships to socioeconomic conditions and employee mental health. PLoS ONE, 2012;7(9):e44119. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0044119. Epub 2012 Sep 24.</titl>
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            <titl xml:lang="sv">Madsen IE, Hannerz H, Nyberg ST, Magnusson Hanson LL, et al.;IPD-Work Consortium. Study protocol for examining job strain as a risk factor for severe unipolar depression in an individual participant meta-analysis of 14 European cohorts.  Version 2. F1000Res. 2013 Nov 5 [revised 2014 Feb 26];2:233. doi: 10.12688/f1000research.2-233.v2. eCollection 2013.</titl>
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            <parTitl xml:lang="en">Leineweber C, Kecklund G, Theorell T, Åkerstedt T, Alexanderson K, Westerlund H. Inflytande över arbetstiden och sjuknärvaro/sjukfrånvaro [Work-time control and sickness absence/presenteeism]. Arbetsliv &amp; Arbetsmarknad 2013; 4. Accepted June 2013.</parTitl>
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            <titl xml:lang="sv">Heikkilä K, Nyberg ST, Fransson EI, Alfredsson L, et al.; 1.	for the IPD-Work Consortium. Job strain and alcohol intake: A collaborative meta-analysis of individual-participant data from 140 000 men and women. PLoS ONE, 2012;7(7):e40101.</titl>
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            <titl xml:lang="sv">Hyde M, Hanson LM, Chungkham HS, Leineweber C, Westerlund H. The impact of involuntary exit from employment in later life on the risk of major depression and being prescribed anti-depressant medication. Aging Ment Health. 2015;19(5):381-9. doi: 10.1080/13607863.2014.927821. Epub 2014 Jun 19.</titl>
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            <titl xml:lang="sv">Madsen IE, Hanson LL, Rugulies R, Theorell T, Burr H, Diderichsen F, Westerlund H. Does good leadership buffer effects of high emotional demands at work on risk of antidepressant treatment? A prospective study from two Nordic countries.  Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol. 2014 Aug;49(8):1209-18. doi: 10.1007/s00127-014-0836-x. Epub 2014 Feb 20.</titl>
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            <titl xml:lang="sv">Stenfors CU, Marklund P, Magnusson Hanson LL, Theorell T, Nilsson LG. Subjective cognitive complaints and the role of executive cognitive functioning in the working population: a case-control study. PLoS One. 2013 Dec 26;8(12):e83351. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0083351. eCollection 2013.</titl>
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            <titl xml:lang="sv">Heikkilä K, Nyberg ST, Fransson EI, Alfredsson L, et al.; for the IPD-Work Consortium. Job strain and tobacco smoking: An individual-participant data meta-analysis of 166 130 adults in 15 European studies. PLoS ONE, One. 2012;7(7):e35463.</titl>
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            <titl xml:lang="sv">Nyberg A, Westerlund H, Magnusson Hanson LL, Theorell T. Managerial leadership is associated with self-reported sickness absence and sickness presenteeism among Swedish men and women. Scandinavian Journal of Public Health, 2008;36:803-311</titl>
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            <titl xml:lang="sv">Theorell T, Hammarström A, Gustafsson PE, Magnusson Hanson L, Janlert U, Westerlund H. Job strain and depressive symptoms in men and women: a prospective study of the working population in Sweden.  J Epidemiol Community Health. 2014 Jan;68(1):78-82. doi: 10.1136/jech-2012-202294. Epub 2013 Sep 19.</titl>
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            <titl xml:lang="sv">Taloyan M, Aronsson G, Leineweber C, Magnusson Hanson L, Alexanderson K, Westerlund H. Sickness Presenteeism Predicts Suboptimal Self-Rated Health and Sickness Absence: A Nationally Representative Study of the Swedish Working Population. PLoS ONE 2012;7(9): e44721. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0044721</titl>
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            <titl xml:lang="sv">Nyberg ST, Fransson EI, Heikkilä K, Ahola K, Alfredsson L, et al.; IPD-Work Consortium.  Job strain as a risk factor for type 2 diabetes: a pooled analysis of 124,808 men and women. Diabetes Care. 2014 Aug;37(8):2268-75. doi:10.2337/dc13-2936.</titl>
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            <titl xml:lang="sv">Theorell T, Osika W, Leineweber C, Magnusson Hanson LL, Bojner Horwitz E, et al. Is cultural activity at work related to mental health in employees? Int Arch Occup Environ Health. 2013 Apr;86(3):281-8. doi: 10.1007/s00420-012-0762-8. Epub 2012 Mar 29.</titl>
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            <titl xml:lang="sv">Leineweber C, Baltzer M, Magnusson Hanson LL, Westerlund H. Work-family conflict and health in Swedish working women and men: a 2-year prospective analysis (the SLOSH study).  Eur J Public Health. 2013 Aug;23(4):710-6. doi: 10.1093/eurpub/cks064. Epub 2012 Jun 8.</titl>
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