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        <r:String xml:lang="en">Climate-mediated upward shift of coffee agroforestry and associated reforestation in Arabica coffee’s native range</r:String>
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          <r:String xml:lang="sv">Stockholms universitet</r:String>
          <r:String xml:lang="en">Stockholm University</r:String>
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          <r:String xml:lang="sv">Stockholms universitet</r:String>
          <r:String xml:lang="en">Stockholm University</r:String>
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        <r:SimpleDate>2026-08-18</r:SimpleDate>
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      <r:Content xml:lang="en">Climate change is expected to cause latitudinal and elevational shifts in where crops can grow, with major consequences for land use, rural livelihoods and biodiversity. Shifts in agroforestry systems can be especially transformative, as this alters tree cover. We used semi-structured interviews and vegetation surveys to investigate the patterns, drivers, consequences and future trajectories of an upward shift of Arabica coffee agroforestry within its native range in the Afromontane mountains. We observed a climate-, income- and crop raiding-driven upward shift of coffee production into a novel elevational range, with positive feedback mechanisms enhancing the future adoption of agroforestry. Forest and open-land-derived agroforests showed similar woody plant species richness and large overlaps in community composition. Open-land-derived coffee agroforestry is, and is expected to increasingly be, the dominant coffee agroforestry type in the novel range, with positive implications for tree cover, biodiversity and ecosystem services in one of the world’s biodiversity hotspots.</r:Content>
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        <r:Subject xml:lang="en" controlledVocabularyID="106" controlledVocabularyName="Standard för svensk indelning av forskningsämnen 2025">Biological Sciences</r:Subject>
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          <r:Content xml:lang="en">7°41'51'' – 7°54'13'' N and 36°11'30'' – 36°37'55''E;
Gomma and Gera districts in Jimma zone, southwestern Ethiopia (7°41'51'' – 7°54'13'' N and 36°11'30'' – 36°37'55''E). 
Within this landscape, we focused on locations above 2000 m a.s.l, which are traditionally considered to be too high for growing coffee.</r:Content>
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