Prospective Population Study of Women in Göteborg (PPSW)
The population study of women in Gothenburg is a population study based at the University of Gothenburg. The study started as a cross-sectional study in 1968 including 1462 women aged 38, 46, 50 and 60 years. The participants have after that been followed-up with regular examinations in 1974-75, 1980-81, 1992-1993, 2000-2001, 2004-2005, 2009-2010 and 2016-2017. In addition, new participants have been included. During the examinations 2004-2005 and 2016-2017, only women 38 and 50 years old were invited to participate with the purpose of enabling comparison of these age cohorts. The study comprises physical and mental disease as well as health, social and psychological circumstances and data regarding food and dental health. To study determinants among middle age women that have importance for the development of cardiovascular disease, diabetes, cancer, dementia and other mental illness in high age is possible because of the long running follow-ups, high participant rates, and thorough mapping of non-participants and data regarding morbidity and mortality. The study covers both longitudinal trends (change in individuals over time) and secular trends (changes in the population over time). This implies the possibility to study e.g. whether the increased consumption of oestrogenic hormones and new antidepressive agents in the population has influenced the occurrence of cardiovascular disease, dementia, depression and the proportion that are under treatment. The long-running follow-up has also made it possible to study the long term prognosis for these diseases and whether the risk for prolonged illness increases with older age. In addition, women from different birth cohorts are examined at certain ages to investigate secular trends in health related variables, such as obesity and dental health. The questionnaires have been changed as little as possible between each survey. The population study of women in Gothenburg collaborates with the H70 study which started in 1971, a cross-sectional study of men and women in Gothenburg aged 70 years. It is coordinated by several researcher groups, especially the groups handling general medicine, epidemiology, psychiatry and geriatrics. When the participants turned 70 years old, they were invited to participate in the H70 study (1992, 2000), and a follow-up examination of 75 years old participants 2005-2006. Purpose: The purpose of this study was initially to investigate anemia and health factors related to menopause, but has later also included examination of determinants among middle age women that have importance for the development of cardiovascular disease, diabetes, cancer, dementia and other mental illness in high age.
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Hange D, Bengtsson C, Sundh V, Björkelund C. The natural history of psychosomatic symptoms and their association with psychological symptoms: observations from the Population Study of Women in Gothenburg. Eur J Gen Pract. 2007;13(2):60-6. doi: 10.1080/13814780701377497. PMID: 17534741.
Dominique Hange, Jóhann A. Sigurdsson, Cecilia Björkelund, Valter Sundh & Calle Bengtsson (2015). A 32-year longitudinal study of alcohol consumption in Swedish women: Reduced risk of myocardial infarction but increased risk of cancer, Scandinavian Journal of Primary Health Care, 33:3, 153-162. DOI: 10.3109/02813432.2015.1067515
Sundh V, Hange D, Ahlqwist M, Hakeberg M, Lissner L, Jonasson G. FRAX and mandibular sparse trabeculation as fracture predictors: a longitudinal study from 1980 to 2002. Eur J Oral Sci. 2017 Apr;125(2):135-140. doi: 10.1111/eos.12341. PMID: 28263008.
Maria Waller, Lauren Lissner, Dominique Hange, Valter Sund, Ann Blomstrand & Cecilia Björkelund. (2018). Socioeconomic disparities in physical activity among Swedish women and trends over time – the population study of women in Gothenburg. Scandinavian Journal of Primary Health Care, 36:4, 363-371. DOI: 10.1080/02813432.2018.1499599
Kaptoge, S., Sundström, J., & Di Angelantonio, E. (2019). World Health Organization cardiovascular disease risk charts : revised models to estimate risk in 21 global regions. In The Lancet Global Health (Vol. 7, Issue 10, pp. E1332–E1345). DOI: 10.1016/S2214-109X(19)30318-3
Bäck K, Hakeberg M, Wide U, Hange D, Dahlström L. Orofacial pain and its relationship with oral health-related quality of life and psychological distress in middle-aged women. Acta Odontol Scand. 2020 Jan;78(1):74-80. DOI: 10.1080/00016357.2019.1661512. Epub 2019 Sep 12. PMID: 31512936.
Rödström, K., Weman, L., Sandin, L., Hange, D., & Björkelund, C. (2020). Is it possible to investigate menopausal age? A comparative cross-sectional study of five cohorts between 1968 and 2017 from the Population Study of Women in Gothenburg, Sweden. In Menopause (New York, N.Y.) (Vol. 27, Issue 4, pp. 430–436). DOI: 10.1097/GME.0000000000001476 PMID: 31934948.
Jönsson, S., & Hange, D. (2020). Secular Trends in Self-Assessed Health Over 24 Years Among 38-, 50-, 70- and 75-Year-Old Women: Observations from the Prospective Population Study of Women in Gothenburg. In International Journal of General Medicine (Vol. 13, pp. 261–270). DOI: 10.2147/IJGM.S243590. PMID: 32581568; PMCID: PMC7276321.
Kristjansson K, Ljungman S, Bengtsson C, Björkelund C, Sigurdsson JA. Microproteinuria and long-term prognosis with respect to renal function and survival in normotensive and hypertensive women. Scand J Urol Nephrol 2001;35:63-70.
Rodriguez-Martinez, A., Zhou, B., Mehlig, K., Bentham, J., Paciorek, C., Lissner, L., Carrillo-Larco, R., Bennett, J., Di Cesare, M., Taddei, C., Bixby, H., Stevens, G., Riley, L., Cowan, M., Savin, S., Danaei, G., Chirita-Emandi, A., Kengne, A., Khang, Y., … Zuziak, M. (2020). Height and body-mass index trajectories of school-aged children and adolescents from 1985 to 2019 in 200 countries and territories: a pooled analysis of 2181 population-based studies with 65 million participants. In Lancet (London, England) (Vol. 396, Issue 10261, pp. 1511–1524). DOI: 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)31859-6. PMID: 33160572; PMCID: PMC7658740.
Zhou, B., Carrillo-Larco, R., Danaei, G., Lissner, L., Paciorek, C., Stevens, G., Gregg, E., Bennett, J., Solomon, B., Singleton, R., Mehlig, K., Lind, L., Lhoste, V., Cowan, M., Savin, S., Woodward, M., Balanova, Y., Cifkova, R., Damasceno, A., … Cisneros, J. (2021). Worldwide trends in hypertension prevalence and progress in treatment and control from 1990 to 2019: a pooled analysis of 1201 population-representative studies with 104 million participants. In Lancet (London, England) (Vol. 398, Issue 10304, pp. 957–980). doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(21)01330-1. Epub 2021 Aug 24. Erratum in: Lancet. 2022 Feb 5;399(10324):520. PMID: 34450083; PMCID: PMC8446938.
Hange, D., Fernlöf, G., Björkelund, C., & Hedenrud, T. (2022). Increased use of analgesics in midlife women but no association with mental stress: observations from the Prospective Population Study of Women in Gothenburg. In BMC Women’s health (No. 34; Vol. 22, Issue 1). DOI: 10.1186/s12905-022-01605-4. PMID: 35148726; PMCID: PMC8832771.
Halldin, A.-K., Lissner, L., Lernfelt, B., & Björkelund, C. (2020). Impact of changes in physical activity or BMI on risk of heart failure in women - the prospective population study of women in Gothenburg. In Scandinavian journal of primary health care (Vol. 58, Issue 1, pp. 56–65). DOI: 10.1080/02813432.2020.1717083. Epub 2020 Jan 31. PMID: 32003301; PMCID: PMC7054912.
Halldin, A.-K., Lissner, L., Lernfelt, B., & Björkelund, C. (2020). Cholesterol and triglyceride levels in midlife and risk of heart failure in women, a longitudinal study: the prospective population study of women in Gothenburg. In BMJ open (No. e036709; Vol. 10, Issue 6). DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2019-036709. PMID: 32503873; PMCID: PMC7279659.
Halldin, A.-K., Schaufelberger, M., Lernfelt, B., Björck, L., Rosengren, A., Lissner, L., & Björkelund, C. (2017). Obesity in Middle Age Increases Risk of Later Heart Failure in Women - Results from the Prospective Population Study of Women and H70 Studies in Gothenburg, Sweden. In Journal of cardiac failure (Vol. 23, Issue 5). DOI: 10.1016/j.cardfail.2016.12.003. Epub 2016 Dec 8. PMID: 27940334.
Bergdahl IA, Schütz A, Ahlqwist M, Bengtsson C, Lapidus L, Lissner L, Hultén B. Methylmercury and inorganic mercury in serum - correlation to fish consumption and dental amalgam in a cohort of women born in 1922. Environ Res 1998;77:20-4.
Lissner L, Heitmann BL, Bengtsson C. Low-fat diets may prevent weight gain in sedentary women: prospective observations from the Population Study of Women in Gothenburg, Sweden. Obes Res 1997;5:43-8.
Jonasson G, Sundh V, Ahlqwist M, Hakeberg M, Björkelund C, Lissner L. A prospective study of mandibular trabecular bone to predict fracture incidence in women: a low-cost screening tool in the dental clinic. Bone 2011:49(4):873-9.
Rowshan RA, Bengtsson C, Lissner L, Lapidus L, Björkelund C. Thirty-six-year secular trends in sleep duration and sleep satisfaction, and associations with mental stress and socioeconomic factors - results of the Population Study of Women in Gothenburg, Sweden. J Sleep Res 2010:19(3):496-503.
Zylberstein DE, Lissner L, Björkelund C, Mehlig K, Thelle DS, Gustafson D, Ostling S, Waern M, Guo X, Skoog I. Midlife homocysteine and late-life dementia in women. A prospective population study. Neurobiol Aging 2009 doi:10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2009.02.024
Hange D, Lissner , Bengtsson C, Sundh V, Björkelund V. Perceived nervousness and moodiness associated with increased CVD but not cancer morbidity in pre- and postmenopausal women. Observations from the Population Study of Women in Gothenburg, Sweden International Journal of General Medicine 2009;2:39-45.
Hällström T, Persson G. The relationship of social setting of major depression. Acta Psychiatr Scand 1984;70:327-36.
Lingfors H, Persson L-G, Lindström K, Bengtsson C, Lissner L. Effects of a global health and risk assessment tool for prevention of ischemic heart disease in an individual health dialogue compared with a community health strategy only results from the Live for Life health promotion programme. Prev Med 2009;48:20-4.
André M, Lissner L, Bengtsson C, Hällström T, Sundh V, Björkelund C. Cohort differences in personality in middle-aged women during a 36-year period. Results from the Population Study of Women in Gothenburg. Scan J Public Health 2010:38(%):457-64.
Cabrera C, Hakeberg M, Ahlqwist M, Wedel H, Björkelund C, Bengtsson C, Lissner L. Can the relation between tooth loss and chronic disease be explained by socio-economic status? A 24-year follow-up from the Population Study of Women in Gothenburg, Sweden. Eur J Epidemiol 2005;20:229-36.
Rybo E, Bengtsson C, Hallberg L. Iron status of 38-year-old women in Gothenburg, Sweden. Scand J Haematol 1985; 34: Suppl 43:41-56.
Kristjansson K, Sigurdsson JA, Lissner L, Sundh V, Bengtsson C. Blood pressure and pulse pressure development in a population sample of women with special reference to basal body mass and distribution of body fat and their changes during 24 years. Int J Obes 2003;27:128-33.
Hägglin C, Berggren U, Hakeberg M, Hällström T, Bengtsson C. Variations in dental anxiety among middle-aged and elderly women in Sweden: A longitudinal study between 1968 and 1996. J Dent Res 1999;78:1655-61.
Andersson SW, Niklasson A, Lapidus L, Hallberg L, Bengtsson C, Hulthén L. Sociodemograpich characteristics influencing birth outcome in Sweden, 1908-1930. Birth variables in The Population Study of Women in Gothenburg. J Epidemiol Community Health 2000;54:269-78.
Lissner L, Heitmann B, Bengtsson C. Population studies of diet and obesity. Br J Nutr 2000; Suppl 1:83:521-4.
Andersson SW, Niklasson A, Lapidus L, Hallberg L, Bengtsson C, Hulthén L. Poor agreement between self-reported birth weight from original records in adult women. Am J Epidemiol 2000;152:609-16.
Hägglin C, Hakeberg M, Ahlqwist M, Sullivan M, Berggren U. Factors associated with dental anxiety and attendance in middle-aged and elderly women. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol 2000;28:451-60.
Björkelund C, Bengtsson C, Schenk-Gustafsson K, Swahn E. Hantering av hjärt-kärlsjukdom präglas av manligt perspektiv. Kvinnor får felaktiga omhändertaganden, diagnoser och behandlingar. Läkartidningen 2001;98:3314-8.
Andersson SW, Bengtsson C, Hallberg L, Lapidus L, Niklasson A, Wallgren A, Hulthén L. Cancer risk in Swedish women: the relation to size at birth. Br J Cancer 2001;84:1193-8.
Lissner L, Björkelund C, Heitman BL, Seidell JC, Bengtsson C. Larger hip circumference independently predicts health and longevity in a Swedish female cohort. Obes Res 2001;9:644-6.
Cabrera C, Helgesson Ö, Wedel H, Björkelund C, Bengtsson C, Lissner C. Socioeconomic status and mortality in Swedish women: trends for cardiovascular disease and cancer. Epidemiology 2001;12:532-6.
Lindqvist P, Bengtsson C, Lissner L, Björkelund P. Cholesterol and triglyceride concentration as risk factors for myocardial infarction and death in women, with special reference to influence of age. J Intern Med 2002;251:484-9.
Rödström K, Bengtsson C, Lissner L, Milsom I, Sundh V, Björkelund C. A longitudinal study of the treatment of hot flushes: the population study of women in Gothenburg during a quarter of a century. Menopause 2002;9:156-61.
Björkelund C, Bengtsson C, Lissner L, Rödström K. Women's sleep: longitudinal and secular trends in a 24-year perspective. Results of the Population Study of Women in Gothenburg, Sweden. Sleep 2002;25:894-6.
Prospective Studies Collaboration (Bengtsson C, et,al.). Age-specific relevance of usual blood pressure to vascular mortality: a meta-analysis of individual data for one million adults in 61 prospective studies. Lancet 2002;360:1903-13.
Bengtsson C. Hormonsubstitution efter menopaus - fördelar och risker. Läkartidningen 1990;87:4331-3
Hultén B, Bengtsson C, Isaksson B. Some errors inherent in a longitudinal dietary survey revealed by the urine nitrogen test. Eur J Clin Nutr 1990;44:169-74.
Hällström T, Samuelsson S. Changes in women's sexual desire in middle life: the Longitudinal Study of Women in Gothenburg. Arch Sex Behav 1990;3:259-68.
Lindstedt G, Lundberg P-A, Lapidus L, Lundgren H, Bengtsson C, Björntorp P. Low sex-hormone-binding globulin concentration as independent risk factor for development of NIDDM. 12-yr follow-up of Population Study of Women in Gothenburg, Sweden. Diabetes 1991;40:123-8.
Ahlqwist M, Gröndahl H-G. Prevalence of impacted teeth and associated pathology in middle-aged and older Swedish women. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol 1991;19:116-9.
Bengtsson C. Varför är kvinnan friskare? Om kvinnlig och manlig hälsa och ohälsa. Lev Hela Livet 1991;3:7-11.
Rybo E, Bengtsson C, Hallberg L, Odén A. Effect of iron supplementation to women with iron deficiency. Scand J Haematol 1985; 34: Suppl 43:103-14.
Petersen K, Lindstedt G, Lundberg P-A, Bengtsson C, Lapidus L, Nyström E. Thyroid disease in middle-aged and elderly Swedish women: thyroid-related hormones, thyroid dysfunction and goitre in relation to age and smoking. J Intern Med 1991;229:407-14.
Ahlqwist M, Bengtsson C, Gröndahl H-G, Lapidus L. Social factors and tooth loss in a 12-year follow-up study of women in Gothenburg, Sweden. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol 1991;19:141-6.
Björkelund C, Bengtsson C. Cardiovascular risk factor characterisation of women in the community of Strömstad, Sweden, compared with other female populations. Scand J Soc Med 1991;19:218-24.
Lissner L, Bengtsson C, Hansson T. Bone mineral content in relation to lactation history in pre- and postmenopausal women. Calcif Tissue Int 1991;48:319-25.
Bengtsson C, Blohmé G, Lapidus L, Lissner L, Lundgren H. Diabetes incidence in users and non-users of antihypertensive drugs in relation to serum insulin, glucose tolerance and degree of adiposity: a 12-year prospective population study of women in Gothenburg, Sweden. J Intern Med 1992;231:583-8.
Lissner L, Karlsson C, Lindroos AK, Sjöström L, Carlsson B, Carlsson L, Bengtsson C. Birth weight, adulthood BMI, and subsequent weight gain in relation to leptin levels in Swedish women. Obes Res 1999;7:150-4.
Sjöström L, Larsson B, Backman L, Bengtsson C, Bouchard C, Dahlgren S, Hallgren P, Jonsson E, Karlsson J, Lapidus L, Lindroos A-K, Lindstedt S, Lissner L, Narbro K, Näslund I, Olbe L, Sullivan M, Sylvan A, Wedel H, Ågren G. Swedish obese subjects (SOS). Recruitment for an intervention study and a selected description of the obese state. Int J Obes 1992;16:465-79.
Lissner L, Helgesson Ö, Bengtsson C, Lapidus L, Hultén B, Branehög I, Holmberg E. Energy and macronutrient intake in relation to cancer incidence among Swedish women. Eur J Clin Nutr 1992;46:501-7.
Larsson B, Bengtsson C, Björntorp P, Lapidus L, Sjöström L, Svärdsudd K, Tibblin G, Wedel H, Welin L, Wilhelmsen L. Is abdominal body fat distribution a major explanation for the sex difference in the incidence of myocardial infarction? The study of men born in 1913 and the study of women, Göteborg, Sweden. Am J Epidemiol. 1992 Feb 1;135(3):266-73.
Bengtsson C. Östrogenbehandling - på gott eller ont. Lev Hela Livet 1992:5:33-35.
Lissner L, Bengtsson C, Lapidus L, Björkelund C. Smoking initiation and cessation in relation to body fat distribution based on data from a study of Swedish women. Am J Public Health 1992;82:273-5.
Lissner L, Bengtsson C, Lapidus L, Kristjansson K, Wedel H. Fasting insulin in relation to subsequent blood pressure changes and hypertension in women. Hypertension 1992;20:797-801.
Kristjansson K, Lissner L, Bengtsson C, Lapidus L, Blohmé G. The interrelationships between fasting serum insulin level, obesity and blood pressure in women: results from a cross-sectional population study of women in Gothenburg, Sweden. Hypertension Research 1993;16:197-201.
Ahlqwist M, Bengtsson C, Lapidus L. Number of amalgam fillings in relation to cardiovascular disease, diabetes, cancer and early death in Swedish women. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol 1993;21:40-4.
Sullivan M, Karlsson J, Bengtsson C, Furunes B, Lapidus L, Lissner L. "The Göteborg Quality of Life Instrument" - A psychometric evaluation of assessments of symptoms and well-being among women in a general population. Scand J Prim Health Care 1993;11:267-75.
Bengtsson C, Björkelund C, Lapidus L, Lissner L. Associations of serum lipid concentrations and obesity with mortality in women: 20 year follow up of participants in prospective population study in Gothenburg, Sweden. BMJ. 1993 Nov 27;307(6916):1385-8.
Nyström E, Lapidus L, Petersen K, Lindstedt G, Bengtsson C. Får man låg ämnesomsättning av att sluta röka? Läkartidningen 1993;90:4307.
Sullivan M, Karlsson J, Bengtsson C, Steen B. Health-related quality of life in Swedish populations: Validation of the SF-36 health survey. Quality of Life Res 1994;3:95.
Ahlqwist M, Bengtsson C, Lapidus L. Epidemiologiska aspekter på amalgamets möjliga påverkan på hälsan. Tandläkartidningen 1994;86:184-8.
Helgesson Ö, Bengtsson C, Lapidus L, Merck C, Sparén P. Malignant disease observed in a cohort of women. A validation of Swedish Cancer Registry data. Scand J Soc Med 1994;22:46-9.
Bengtsson C. Blodtryck, blodtrycksmediciner och diabetes. Överviktiga hypertonipatienter högriskgrupp. Läkartidningen 1994;91:1810-1.
Ahlqwist M, Bengtsson C, Lapidus L, Lindstedt G, Lissner L. Concentrations of blood, serum and urine components in relation to number of amalgam tooth fillings in Swedish women. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol 1995;23:217-21.
Prospective Studies Collaboration (Bengtsson C, Björkelund C, Lissner L et al). Cholesterol, diastolic blood pressure, and stroke: 13 000 strokes in 450 000 people in 45 prospective cohorts. Lancet 1995;346:1647-53.
Björkelund C, Lissner L, Andersson S, Lapidus L, Bengtsson C. Reproductive history in relation to relative weight and fat distribution. Int J Obes 1996;20:213-9.
Bengtsson C, Bengtsson U, Björkelund C, Lincoln K, Sigurdsson JA. Bacteriuria in a population sample of women: 24-year follow-up study, Results from the population-based study of women in Gothenburg, Sweden. Scand J Urol Nephrol 1998;32:284-9.
Lissner L, Björkelund C, Heitmann BL, Lapidus L, Björntorp P, Bengtsson C. Secular increases in waist-hip ratio among Swedish women. Int J Obes 1998;22:1116-20.
Persson L-O, Karlsson J, Bengtsson C, Steen B, Sullivan M. The Swedish SF-36 Health Survey II. Evaluation of clinical validity: results from population studies of elderly and women in Gothenburg. J Clin Epidemiol 1998;51:1095-103.
Halling A, Bengtsson C. The number of children, use of oral contraceptives and meno­pausal status in relation to the number of remaining teeth and the periodontal bone height. Community Dent Health 1989;6:39-45.
Lapidus L, Bengtsson C, Hällström T, Björntorp P. Obesity, adipose tissue distribution and health in women - results from a population study in Gothenburg, Sweden. Appetite 1989;12:25-35.
Ahlqwist M, Bengtsson C, Hollender L, Lapidus L, Österberg T. Smoking habits and tooth loss in Swedish women. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol 1989;17:144-7.
Nyström E, Lundberg P-A, Petersen K, Bengtsson C, Lindstedt G. Evidence for a slow tissue adaptation to circulating thyroxine in patients with chronic L-thyroxine treatment. Clin Endocrinol 1989;31:143-50.
Archenholtz B, Ahlmén M, Bengtsson C, Bjelle A, Hansson G, Lurie M, Sullivan M, Svens­son G. Reliability of articular indices and function tests in a population study of rheumatic disorders. Clin Rheumatol 1989;8:215-24.
Lundgren H, Bengtsson C, Blohmé G, Lapidus L, Sjöström L. Adiposity and adipose tissue distribution in relation to incidence of diabetes in women: results from a prospective popu­lation study in Gothenburg, Sweden. Int J Obes 1989;13:413-23.
Andersson R, Norkrans G, Bengtsson C, Hällström T. Prevalence of hepatitis B virus markers in a random sample of women from Göteborg, Sweden. Scand J Prim Health Care 1989;7:157-60.
Nyström E, Bengtsson C, Lindquist O, Lindberg S, Lindstedt G, Lundberg P-A. Serum triiodo­thyronine and hyperthyroidism in a population sample of women. Con Endocrinol 1984;20:31-42.
Hällström T, Lapidus L, Bengtsson C, Edström K. Psychosocial factors and risk of ischaemic heart disease and death in women: A twelve-year follow-up of participants in the population study of women in Gothenburg, Sweden. J Psychosom Res 1986;30:451-9.
Lapidus L, Bengtsson C, Lindquist O, Sigurdsson JA, Rafnsson V. Smoking - a risk factor for cardiovascular disease in women? Considerations based on a prospective population study of women in Gothenburg, Sweden. Scand J Prim Health Care 1986; 4:219-24.
Ahlqwist M, Bengtsson C, Furunes B, Hollender L, Lapidus L. Number of amalgam tooth fillings in relation to subjectively experienced symptoms in a study of Swedish women. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol 1988;16:227-31.
Lapidus L, Andersson H, Bengtsson C, Bosaeus I. Dietary habits in relation to incidence of cardiovascular disease and death in women: a 12-year follow-up of participants in the population study of women in Gothenburg, Sweden. Am J Clin Nutr 1986;44:444-8.
Bengtsson C, Lapidus L, Lindquist O. Association between menopause and risk factors for ischaemic heart disease. In: Myocardial infarction in women. Oliver MF, Vedin A, Wilhelmson C (eds). Edinburgh, London, Melbourne and New York: Churchill Livingstone, 1986:93-100.
Ahlqwist M, Bengtsson C, Gröndahl H-G, Halling A. Tooth mortality in women in a 12-year follow-up of a population sample in Gothenburg, Sweden. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol 1986;14:358-61.
Persson C, Bengtsson C, Lapidus L, Rybo E, Thiringer G, Wedel H. Peak expiratory flow and risk of cardiovascular disease and death. A 12-year follow-up of participants in the Population Study of women in Gothenburg, Sweden. Am J Epidemiol 1986;124:942-8.
Bengtsson C, Edström K, Furunes B, Sigurdsson JA, Tibblin G. Prevalence of subjectively experienced symptoms in a population sample of women with special reference to women with arterial hypertension. Scand J Prim Health Care 1987;5:155-62.
Waaler HT, Jensen G, Schnohr P, Pietinen P, Nissinen A, Larsson B, Bengtsson C. Body mass index in the Scandinavian countries. Scand J Soc Med 1987;15:205-9.
Bengtsson C, Blohmé G, Lapidus L, Lundgren H. Diabetes in hypertensive women: an effect of antihypertensive drugs or the hypertensive state per se? Diabetic Medicine 1988;5:261-4.
Ahlqwist M, Bengtsson C, Gröndahl H-G, Lapidus L. A 12-year cross-sectional and longi­tudinal radiographic study of dental restorations in women in Gothenburg, Sweden. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol 1988;16:175-80.
Halling A, Bengtsson C, Arvidsson Lenner R. Diet in relation to number of remaining teeth in a population of middle-aged women in Gothenburg, Sweden. Swed Dent J 1988;12:39-45.
Lapidus L, Bengtsson C. Regional obesity as a health hazard in women - a prospective study. Acta Med Scand 1988; Suppl 723:53-9.
Bengtsson C. Antihypertensive treatment today and tomorrow. Physician India 1988;4:89-93.
Nyström E, Bengtsson C, Lindstedt G, Lapidus L, Lindquist O, Waldenström J. Serum gamma-glutamyltransferase in a Swedish female population. Age-related reference intervals; morbidity and prognosis in cases with raised catalytic concentration. Acta Med Scand 1988;224:79-84.
Lapidus L, Helgesson Ö, Merck C, Björntorp P. Adipose tissue distribution and female carcinomas. A 12-year follow-up of participants the population study of women in Gothenburg, Sweden. Int J Obesity 1988;12:361-8.
Nyström E, Leman J, Lundberg P-A, Lindquist O, Hansson T, Bengtsson C, Rybo G, Lindstedt G. Bone mineral content in normally menstruating women with hyperprolactinaemia. Hormone Res 1988;29:214-7.
Lönn M, Mehlig K, Bengtsson C, Lissner L. Adipocyte size predicts incidence of type 2 diabetes in women. FASEB J. 2010; 24(1):326-31
Lindstedt G, Lundberg P-A, Bengtsson C, Nyström E. Letter to the editor: On the diagnostic value of 'thyroid autoantibodies'. Scand J Clin Lab Invest 1983;43:271-3.
Hällström T. Early life experiences that relate to later aggression by women. In: Prospective Studies of Crime and Delinquancy. van Dusen KTR, Mednick SA (eds). Boston: Kluwer-Nijhoff Publications, 1983:345-74.
Hällström T. Point prevalence of major depressive disorder in a Swedish urban female population. Acta Psychiatr Scand 1983;69:52-9.
Lindstedt G, Lundberg P-A, Bengtsson C, Nyström E, Bjurstam N, Leman J, Rybo G. "Hyperprolactinemia" in healthy women. Clin Chem 1984;30:165-6.
Sigurdsson JA, Bengtsson C, Lapidus L, Lindquist O, Rafnsson V. Morbidity and mortality in relation to blood pressure and antihypertensive treatment. Acta Med Scand 1984;215:313-22.
Lapidus L, Bengtsson C, Larsson B, Pennert K, Rybo E, Sjöström L. Distribution of adipose tissue and risk of cardiovascular disease and death: a 12-year follow up of participants in the population study of women in Gothenburg, Sweden. Br Med J 1984;289:1257-61.
Bengtsson C, Blohmé G, Lapidus L, Lindquist O, Lundren H, Nyström E, Petersen K, Sigurdsson JA. Do antihypertensive drugs precipitate diabetes? Br Med J 1984;289:1495-7.
Hällström T, Halling A. Prevalence of dentistry phopia and its relation to missing teeth, alveolar bone loss and dental care habits in an urban community sample. Acta Psychiatr Scand 1984;70:438-46.
Halling A, Bengtsson C. Number of teeth and proximal periodontal bone height in relation to social factors. Swed Dent J 1984;8:183-91.
Lundberg P-A, Lindstedt G, Lapidus L, Bengtsson C. Serum sex-hormone binding globulin and mortality risk in postmenopausal women. Letter to the Editor. Clin Chem 1985;31:654-6.
Rybo E, Bengtsson C, Hallberg L. The relative importance of various laboratory measurements in the diagnosis of iron deficiency. Scand J Haematol 1985; 34: Suppl 43:57-75.
Rybo E, Bengtsson C. Sideroblast count and examination of bone marrow reticuloendothelial iron in the diagnosis of iron deficiency. Scand J Haematol 1985; 34: Suppl 43:77-85.
Rybo E, Bengtsson C, Hallberg L, Lindstedt G, Lundberg P-A. Serum ferritin concentration compared to other iron-store variables in the diagnosis of iron deficiency. Scand J Haematol 1985; 34: Suppl 43:87-102.
Lindstedt G, Bengtsson C, Lapidus L, Nyström E. Hypergastrinemia - a risk factor for myocardial infarction? Clin Chem 1985;31:585-90.
Lapidus L, Bengtsson C, Lindquist O, Sigurdsson JA, Rafnsson V. Prognosis for women with different symptoms and signs suggesting ischaemic heart disease - a 12-year follow-up. The population study of women in Gothenburg, Sweden. J Chron Dis 1985;38:741-8.
Lapidus L, Bengtsson C, Lindquist O, Sigurdsson JA, Rybo E. Triglycerides - main lipid risk factor for cardiovascular disease in women? Acta Med Scand 1985;217:481-9.
Lapidus L, Bengtsson C, Lindquist O. Menopausal age and risk of cardiovascular disease and death. A 12-year follow-up of participants in the population study of women in Gothenburg, Sweden. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand 1985; Suppl 130:37-41.
Lindquist O, Bengtsson C, Lapidus L. Relationships between the menopause and risk factors for ischaemic heart disease. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand 1985; Suppl 130:43-7.
Bengtsson C, Sigurdsson JA. Symptom vid behandlad och obehandlad hypertoni hos kvinnor. Opuscula Medica 1985; Suppl 69:13-7.
Hällström T, Samuelsson S. Mental health in the climacteric. The longitudinal study of women in Gothenburg. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand 1985; Suppl 130:13-8
Lapidus L, Bengtsson C, Blohmé G, Lindquist O, Nyström E. Blood glucose, glucose tolerance and manifest diabetes in relation to cardiovascular disease and death in women. A 12-year follow-up of participants in the Population study of women in Gothenburg, Sweden. Acta Med Scand 1985;218:455-62.
Ahlqwist M, Halling A, Hollender L. Rotational panoramic radiography in epidemiological studies of dental health. Comparison between panoramic radiographs and intraoral full mouth surveys. Swed Dent J 1986;10:79-84.
Lindquist O, Bengtsson C, Hansson T, Roos T. Bone mineral content in relation to age and menopause in middle-aged women. Scand J Clin Lab Invest 1981;41:215-23.
Bengtsson C, Hultén B, Larsson B, Noppa H, Steen B, Warnold I. Nya längd-vikttabeller för medelålders och äldre män och kvinnor. Läkartidningen 1981;78:3152-4.
Nyström E, Bengtsson C, Lindstedt G., Lundberg P-A. Screening for thyroid disease. Lancet 1981;1:927-8.
Nyström E, Bengtsson C, Lindquist O, Noppa H, Lindstedt G, Lundberg P-A. Thyroid disease and high concentration of serum thyrotropin in a population sample of women. A 4-year follow-up. Acta Med Scand 1981;210:39-46.
Bengtsson C, Grimby G, Lindquist O, Noppa H, Sigurdsson JA, Vedin JA. Prognosis of women with exercise-induced ECG changes - results from a longitudinal population study. Cardiology 68 1981; Suppl 2:9-14.
Nyström E, Bengtsson C, Lindstedt G, Lundberg P-A. The significance of raised S-TSH in a population of women. Acta Endocrinol 1981; Suppl 243: Abstract No 342.
Johansson Saga. Female Myocardial Infarction in Göteborg, Sweden. Thesis, University of Gothenburg, 1983.
Rafnsson V, Bengtsson C. Female sex hormones and the erythrocyte sedimentation rate. Results from a population study of women in Göteborg, Sweden. Scand J Clin Lab Invest 1981;41:729-33.
Hällström T, Noppa H. Obesity in women in relation to mental illness, social factors and personality traits. J Psychosom Res 1981;25:75-82.
Noppa H, Hällström T. Weight gain in adulthood in relation to socioeconomic factors, mental illness and personality traits. J Psychosom Res 1981;25:83-9.
Rafnsson V. Sänkan vid hälsoundersökningar. Läkartidningen 1981;78:1431.
Lindquist O. Kvinnors hälsa. Menopausen - internmedicinska synpunkter. Läkartidningen 1981;78:1440-1.
Hällström T. Psykisk ohälsa. Läkartidningen 1981;78:1441.
Rafnsson V, Bengtsson C. Erythrocyte sedimentation rate and cardiovascular disease. Results from a population study of women in Göteborg, Sweden. Atherosclerosis 1982;42:97-107.
Bengtsson C, Lapidus L, Lindquist O, Noppa H, Nyström E, Sigurdsson J, Rafnsson V. Prognosis of women with different manifestations of ischaemic heart disease - a 12-year follow-up. Læknablaðið 1982; Suppl 15:7.
Sigurdsson JA, Bengtsson C, Lindquist O, Lurie M, Noppa H, Nyström E, Tibblin E. Metabolic effects caused by diuretics and ß-blockers. A longitudinal population study of women during 12 years. Læknablaðið 1982; Suppl 15;17.
Bengtsson C, Lennartsson J, Lindquist O, Lindstedt G, Lundberg P-A, Noppa H, Sigurdsson JA, Tibblin E. On metabolic effects of diuretics and ß-blockers. Results from a cross-sectional and longitudinal population study of women. Acta Med Scand 1982;212:57-64.
Lundgren BK, Bengtsson C, Steen B, Isaksson B. IV. Resursbehov vid epidemiologiska kost­undersökningar. Vilka resurser krävs för att genomföra en epidemiologisk kostundersökning? Behov av tid, pengar och personal. Vår Föda 1982;34: Suppl 4:407-12.
Rafnsson V, Bengtsson C, Lurie M. Erythrocyte sedimentation rate in women with different manifestations of joint disease. Scand J Rheumatol 1982;11:87-95.
Bengtsson C. Diuretikas betydelse för urinsyraproblematiken. I: Aktuelle synpunkter på urinsyre. Urinsyregikt og stendannelse. Alvsaker J-O (red). Oslo: Grimshei Trykkeri, 1982:48-53.
Bengtsson C, Johansson Sullivan M. Funktionsförmåga och behov av tekniska hjälpmedel hos kvinnor med ledbesvär - en pilotstudie. Socialmedicinsk Tidskrift 1983;60:308-12.
Bengtsson C. Antihypertensiv behandling och diabetes. Opuscula Medica 1983; Suppl 63:87-93.
Lindquist O, Bengtsson C, Hansson T, Jonsson R. Changes in bone mineral content of the axial skeleton in relation to aging and the menopause. Results from a longitudinal population study of women in Gothenburg, Sweden. Scand J Clin Lab Invest 1983;43:333-8.
Hällström T, Samuelsson S, Balldin J, Wålinder J, Bengtsson C, Nyström E, Andersch B, Lindstedt G, Lundberg P-A. Abnormal dexamethasone suppression test in normal females. Br J Psychiatry 1983;142:489-97.
Bengtsson C, Hallberg L, Lennartsson J, Tibblin E. Prevalence of and reasons for anaemia in a population sample of women. The studies of women in Gothenburg, Sweden in 1968-69, 74-75 and 80-81. Inserm 1983;113:41-8.
Sigurdsson JA, Bengtsson C, Tibblin E, Wojciechowski J. Prevalence of secondary hyper­tension in a population sample of Swedish women. Eur Heart J 1983;4:424-33.
Tibblin E, Bengtsson C. Prevalence and diagnostic process of iron deficiency in a popula­tion sample of 38-year-old women. Inserm 1983;113:55-8.
Bengtsson C, Bengtsson U, Lincoln K. Bacteriuria in a population sample of women. Prevalence, characteristics, results of treatment, and progonosis. Acta Med Scand 1980;208:417-23.
Bengtsson C, Lindquist O, Redvall L. Is the menopausal age rapidly changing? Maturitas 1979;1:159-64.
Bengtsson C, Lennartsson J, Lindquist O, Noppa H. Renal stone disease - experience from a population study of women in Gothenburg, Sweden. Scand J Urol Nephrol 1980; Suppl 53:39-43.
Bengtsson C. Populationsstudien av kvinnor i Göteborg - en programförklaring. Socialmedicinsk tidskrift 1980;58:80-3.
Sigurdsson J, Bengtsson C. Urinary findings and renal function in hypertensive and normo­tensive women. Acta Med Scand 1980; Suppl 646:51-3.
Noppa H. Body weight change in relation to incidence of ischaemic heart disease and change in risk factors for ischaemic heart disease. Am J Epidemiol 1980;111:693-704.
Hällström T, Noppa H. Development of obesity in adulthood in relation to psychosocial factors. Alim Nutr Metabol 1980;1:276.
Bruce Å, Andersson M, Arvidsson B, Isaksson B. Body composition. Prediction of normal body potassium, body water and body fat in adults on the basis of body height, body weight and age. Scand J Clin Lab Invest 1980;40:461-73.
Halling A, Bengtsson C. Dental status of Swedish middle-aged women as found in a population study in Göteborg, Sweden. Swed Dent J 1981;5:1-7.
Bengtsson C, Hallberg L, Noppa H, Tibblin E. Anthropometric data in middle-aged women. The population study of women in Göteborg 1968-1969. Acta Morphol Neerl Scand 1979;17:133-43.
Lennartsson J, Bengtsson C, Hallberg L, Lundgren BK, Tibblin E. Serum iron and trans­ferrin saturation in women with special reference to women with low transferrin saturation. The population study of women in Göteborg 1968-1969. Scand J Haematol 1979;23:182-96.
Noppa H, Andersson M, Bengtsson C, Bruce Å, Isaksson B. Body composition in middle-aged women with special reference to the correlation between body fat mass and anthropometric data. Am J Clin Nutr 1979;32:1388-95.
Rafnsson V, Bengtsson C, Lennartsson J, Lindquist O, Noppa H, Tibblin E. Erythrocyte sedimentation rate in a population sample of women with special reference to its clinical and prognostic significance. Acta Med Scand 1979;206:207-14.
Bengtsson C. Variations of blood pressure due to body position in relation to age. Results from a population study of women. In: Blood pressure Variability. Clement DL (ed). Blackburn: MTP Press Ltd, 1979:101-4.
Noppa H, Bengtsson C, Isaksson B, Smith U. Adipose tissue cellularity - metabolic aspects. Acta Med Scand 1979;206:501-6.
Lundgren BK, Bengtsson C, Isaksson B, Steen B. Kostundersökningar på representativa grupper i olika åldrar i Göteborg. Vår Föda 1979;9-10:551-5.
Hällström T. Sexuality of women in middle age: the Göteborg study. J Biosoc Sci 1979; Suppl 6:165.
Bengtsson C, Vedin AJ, Grimby G, Tibblin G. Work capacity in women in relation to age as judged from a maximal work performance test. Scand J Soc Med 1980; Suppl 14:33-9.
Lindquist O, Bengtsson C, Hansson T, Roos B. Effect of age and menopause on osteoporosis. Scand J Soc Med 1980; Suppl 14:80-4.
Bengtsson C. The health of women in the past, now and in the future. In: Health and Society III. Historical changes and sex differences. A report from the research survey "Changing Health Conditions and Individual Health". Stockholm: Åberg Offset, 1980:33-68
Bengtsson C, Lennartsson J, Lindquist O, Noppa H, Sigurdsson J. Sleep disturbances, nightmares and other possible central nervous disturbances in a population sample of women, with special reference to those on antihypertensive drugs. Eur J Clin Pharmacol 1980;17:173-7.
Noppa H, Bengtsson C, Bruce Å, Steen B, Isaksson B. Data om koksaltintag och dess relation till hypertoni. Vår Föda 1980;32:326-31.
Eiben, G. Overweight and obesity in the young and old: Prevalence, prevention and eating behaviour. Thesis, University of Gothenburg, 2007.
Hange, D. Psychosomatic aspects of women's health - results from the Prospective Population study of women in Gothenburg. Göteborg: Geson Hylte Tryck, 2009.
Zylberstein, D. Homocystein and vascular morbidity and dementia in women. A prospective population study. Thesis, University of Gothenburg, 2009.
Hällström T. Mental disorder and sexuality in the climacteric. A study of psychiatric epidemiology. Göteborg: Scandinavian University Books, 1973.
Bengtsson C, Blohmé G, Hallberg L, Hällström T, Isaksson B, Korsan-Bengtsen K, Rybo G, Tibblin E, Tibblin G, Westerberg H. The Study of Women in Gothenburg 1968-69 - a population study. General design, purpose and sampling results. Acta Med Scand 1973;193:311-8.
Bengtsson C, Gredmark T, Hallberg L, Hällström T, Isaksson B, Lapidus L, Lindquist O, Lindstedt S, Lurie M, Nyström E, Rybo G, Samuelsson S, Rafnsson V, Sigurdsson JA. The population study of women in Gothenburg 1980-81 - the third phase of a longitudinal study. Comparison between participants and non-participants. Scand J Soc Med 1989;17:141-5.
Bengtsson C, Hallberg L, Hällström T, Hultborn A, Isaksson B, Lennartsson J, Lindquist O, Lindstedt S, Noppa H, Redvall L, Samuelsson S. The population study of women in Göteborg 1974-1975 - the second phase of a longitudinal study. General design, purpose and sampling results. Scand J Soc Med 1978;6:49-54.
Bengtsson Calle, Ahlqwist Margareta, Andersson Kate, Björkelund Cecilia, Lissner Lauren and Söderström Margareta. The Prospective Population Study of Women in Gothenburg, Sweden 1968-69 to 1992-93. A 24-year follow-up study with special reference to participation, representativeness, and mortality. Scand J Prim Health Care, 1997
Lissner L, Skoog I, Andersson K, Beckman N, Sundh V, Waern M, Zylberstein DE, Bengtsson C, Bjorkelund C. Participation bias in longitudinal studies: experience from the Population Study of Women in Gothenburg, Sweden. Scand J Prim Health Care. 2003 Dec;21(4):242-7.
Tibblin G, Bengtsson C. Hypertensionsbehandling på populationsbasis. Nordisk Medicin 1970;83:603.
Bengtsson C, Lincoln K. Urinvägsinfektion hos kvinnor - frekvens och behandlingsresultat i en normalpopulation. Nordisk Medicin 1970;83:603-4.
Hällström T. Klimakteriet ur psykiatrisk synvinkel - några preliminära resultat från en pågående populationstudie. Nord Med 1970;83:152-3.
Hällström T. Depressions among women in Gothenburg. Acta Psychiatr Scand 1970; Suppl 217:25-6.
Bengtsson C. Hypertension och p-piller. Nord Med 1971;86:1168
Bengtsson C. The Women Study 1968-1969. Presentation of the investigation, and some preliminary results from the study of coronary artery disease, blood lipids, arterial blood pressure, and smoking habits. Pehr Dubb Journalen 1969;4:14-9.
Bengtsson C. Klimakteriet ur invärtesmedicinsk synpunkt. I: Svenska Läkaresällskapets förhandlingar samt Göteborgs Läkaresällskaps förhand­lingar, vårterminen 1972. Böttiger LE, Andén T (red). Stockholm och Göteborg, 1972:65.
Bengtsson C. Klimakteriet: invärtesmedicinska aspekter. I: Obstetrik & Gynekologi. Brody et al (red). Kungsbacka: Elanders Boktryckeri AB, 1973:209-17.
Bengtsson C. Myocardial infarction in young women. In: Preventive Cardiology. Tibblin G, Keys A, Werkö L (eds). Stockholm: Almqvist & Wiksell, 1972:140-7.
Bengtsson C. Prevalence of ischaemic heart disease in women in Gothenburg, Sweden. Acta Med Scand 1973; Suppl 549:21-6.
Bengtsson C. Incidence of myocardial infarction in women in Göteborg, Sweden. Acta Med Scand 1973; Suppl 549:27-30.
Bengtsson C, Tibblin G. Clinical characteristics of young women with myocardial infarction. Acta Med Scand 1973; Suppl 549:31-9.
Bengtsson C. Blood pressure in a population sample of women and in women with ischaemic heart disease. Acta Med Scand 1973; Suppl 549:40-50.
Bengtsson C, Björntorp P, Tibblin E. Serum cholesterol and serum triglyceride levels in a population sample of women and in women with ischaemic heart disease. Acta Med Scand 1973; Suppl 549:51-9.
Bengtsson C. Smoking habits in a population sample of women and in women with ischaemic heart disease. Acta Med Scand 1973; Suppl 549: 60-4.
Bengtsson C, Blohmé G, Waldenström J. Diabetes mellitus, carbohydrate tolerance and early insulin response to an intravenous glucose injection in a population sample of women and in women with ischaemic heart disease. Acta Med Scand 1973; Suppl 549:65-74.
Bengtsson C, Rybo G, Westerberg H. Number of pregnancies, use of oral contraceptives and menopausal age in women with ischaemic heart disease, compared to a population sample of women. Acta Med Scand 1973; Suppl 549:75-81.
Bengtsson C, Lindquist O. Menopausal effects on risk factors for ischaemic heart disease. Maturitas 1979;1:165-70.
Bengtsson C, Hällström T, Tibblin G. Social factors, stress experience, and personality traits in women with ischaemic heart disease, compared to a population sample of women. Acta Med Scand 1973; Suppl 549:82-92.
Bengtsson C. Physical activity in a population sample of women and in women with ischaemic heart disease. Acta Med Scand 1973; Suppl 549:93-6.
Bengtsson C. Prevalence of multiple "risk factors" for ischaemic heart disease in women with and without known ischaemic heart disease. Acta Med Scand 1973; Suppl 549:97-105.
Bengtsson C, Tibblin G, Wilhelmsen L. "Risk factors" for ischaemic heart disease - a com­parison between the male and female populations in Göteborg, Sweden. Acta Med Scand 1973; Suppl 549:106-13.
Korsan-Bengtsen K, Bengtsson C, Tibblin E. Blood coagulation, fibrinolysis and platelet function in women aged 38, 46, 50, 54 and 60. The Study of Women in Gothenburg 1968-1969. Acta Med Scand 1973;193:543-6.
Bengtsson C, Tibblin E, Blohmé G, Gustafson A. Serum cholesterol and serum triglyceri­des in middle-aged women. The Study of Women in Göteborg 1968-1969. Scand J Clin Lab Invest 1974;34:61-6.
Bengtsson C, Tibblin E. Serum uric acid levels in women. An epidemiological survey with special reference to women with high serum uric acid values. Acta Med Scand 1974;196:93-102.
Bengtsson C, Tibblin E. Epidemiologiska synpunkter på övervikt hos kvinnor. Läkartidningen 1974;71:4189-91.
Bengtsson C, Bengtsson U. Urine concentration capacity in women: the results of a screening method in a population study. Clin Nephrol 1976;6:518-22.
Bengtsson C, Lindquist O. Characteristics and prognosis for women with hypertension in a community: results of a longitudinal study in Göteborg, Sweden. Clin Sci Mol Med 1976;51:649-51.
Hällström T. Suicidal ideation and behaviour in men. Acta Psychiatr Scand 1976; Suppl 265:31.
Bengtsson C. Arterial hypertension as a risk factor for ischemic heart disease in women -results from a retrospective and from a prospective study. Acta Med Scand 1976; Suppl 602:44-7.
Bengtsson C, Garby L, Hallberg L, Lennartsson J, Rossander L, Tibblin E. Minskad järn­brist hos svenska kvinnor. Läkartidningen 1977;74:1719-22
Arvidsson Lenner R, Bengtsson C, Carlgren G, Isaksson B, Lundgren BK, Petersson I, Tibblin E. The study of women in Gothenburg 1968-69. Intake of energy and nutrients in five age groups. Acta Med Scand 1977;202:183-8.
Svanborg A, Bengtsson C, Lindquist O, Roupe S, Steen B. Plasma lipid changes in the female aging and the menopause. Results from three population studies. Clin Chim Acta 1977;79:299-307.
Bengtsson C, Tibblin E. On the relationships between age, body weight, serum triglycerides and serum uric acid. Acta Med Scand 1977;202:335-6.
Wilhelmsen L, Bengtsson C, Elmfeldt D, Vedin A, Wilhelmsson C, Tibblin G, Lindquist O, Wedel H. Multiple risk prediction of myocardial infarction in women as compared with men. Br Heart J 1977;39:1179-85.
Hällström T. Sexuality in the climacteric. Clin Obstet Gynaecol 1977;4:227-39.
Hällström T. Life weariness, suicidal thoughts and suicidal attempts among women in Gothenburg. Acta Psychiatr Scand 1977;56:15.
Bengtsson C, Vedin JA, Grimby G, Tibblin G. Maximal work performance test in middle-aged women: results from a population study. Scand J Clin Lab Invest 1978;38:181-8.
Bengtsson C, Bruce Å, Thunborg P. Näringsintag och hälsotillstånd hos kvinnliga vegetarianer. Vår föda 1978;3:91-104.
Bengtsson C, Lindquist O. Coronary heart disease during the menopause. In: Coronary Heart Disease in Young Women. Oliver MF (ed). Edingburgh, London and New York: Churchill Livingstone, 1978:234-9.
Noppa H, Bengtsson C. Obesity in relation to smoking. A cross-sectional and longitudinal study of women in Göteborg, Sweden. Acta Med Scand 1978; Suppl 621:30.
Bengtsson C. Impairment of glucose metabolism during treatment with antihypertensive drugs. Acta Med Scand 1979; Suppl 628:63-6.
Bengtsson C. Elevated serum uric acid levels during treatment with antihypertensive drugs. Acta Med Scand 1979; Suppl 628:69-71.
Lindquist O, Bengtsson C. The effect of smoking on menopausal age. Maturtias 1979;1:171-3.
Tibblin E, Bengtsson C, Hallberg L, Lennartsson J. Haemoglobin concentration and peripheral blood cell counts in women. The population study of women in Göteborg 1968-1969. Scand J Haematol 1979;22:6-16.
Lennartsson J, Bengtsson C, Hallberg L, Tibblin E. Characteristics of anaemic women. The population study of women in Göteborg 1968-1969. Scand J Haematol 1979;22:17-24.
Lindquist O, Bengtsson C. Menopausal age in relation to smoking. Acta Med Scand 1979;205:73-7.
Noppa H, Bengtsson C, Wedel H, Wilhelmsen L. Obesity in relation to morbidity and mor­tality from cardiovascular disease. Am J Epidemiol 1980;6:682-92.
Bengtsson C. Metabolic side effects of diuretics and ß-adrenoceptorblockers. Acta Pharmacol Toxicol 1984;54 (Suppl 1):67-70.
Sigurdsson JA. High blood pressure in women. A cross-sectional and a longitudinal follow-up study. Acta Med Scand 1983;213: Suppl 669.
Rybo E. Diagnosis of iron deficiency. Scand J Haematol 1985; Suppl 43.
Lapidus L. Ischaemic heart disease, stroke and total mortality in women. Results from a prospective population study in Gothenburg, Sweden. Acta Med Scand 1986; Suppl 705.
Halling A. Odontologic studies of middle-aged urban women. Thesis, Lund University, 1987.
Ahlqwist M. Women's teeth. A cross-sectional and longitudinal study of women in Gothenburg, Sweden, with special reference to tooth loss and restorations. Swed Dent J 1989; Suppl 62.
Lundgren H. Diabetes type 2: results from a population study of women and from four primary health care centres with special reference to risk factors for diabetes. Thesis, University of Gothenburg, 1989.
Ahlmén M. Overall health status in women with rheumatoid arthritis. A comparison between patients and a population. Effects and outcome predictors of multidisciplinary team outpatient care. Thesis, University of Gothenburg, 1990.
Andersson SW. From birth to senescence. Studies on factors at birth and their relation to morbidity in women in adult life. Thesis, University of Gothenburg, 2000.
Kristjansson K. Blood pressure, blood pressure development and potential risk factors for hypertension with special reference to metabolic factors and kidney function. Thesis, University of Gothenburg, 2002.
Rödström K. Epidemiological aspects of the menopause. Thesis, University of Gothenburg, 2003.
Helgesson Ö. Psychosocial aspects of cancer in women: the Prospective Population Study of Women in Göteborg. Thesis, University of Gothenburg, 2005.
Cabrera C. Socioeconomic status and health in women. Population based studies with emphasis on lifestyle and cardiovascular disease. Thesis, Nordic School of Public Health, 2005.
Bengtsson C. Ischaemic heart disease in women. A study based on a randomized population sample of women and women with myocardial infarction in Göteborg, Sweden. Acta Med Scand 1973; Suppl 549.
Rödström K, Bengtsson C, Lissner L, Björkelund C. Pre-existing risk factor profiles in users and non-users of hormone replacement therapy: prospective cohort study in Gothenburg, Sweden. BMJ. 1999 Oct 2;319(7214):890-3.
Lindqvist P, Andersson K, Sundh V, Lissner L, Björkelund C, Bengtsson C. Concurrent and separate effects of body mass index and waist-to-hip ratio on 24-year mortality in the Population Study of Women in Gothenburg: evidence of age-dependency. Eur J Epidemiol. 2006;21(11):789-94. Epub 2006 Nov 17.
Björkelund C, Andersson-Hange D, Andersson K, Bengtsson C, Blomstrand A, Bondyr-Carlsson D, Eiben G, Rödström K, Sjöberg A, Sundh V, Weman L, Zylberstein D, Hakeberg M, Lissner L. Secular trends in cardiovascular risk factors with a 36-year perspective: observations from 38- and 50-year-olds in the Population Study of Women in Gothenburg. Scand J Prim Health Care. 2008;26(3):140-6.
Blohmé G. Intravenous glucose tolerance and early insulin response. Studies on a random sample of women aged 50 and patients with diabetes mellitus. Acta Med Scand 1974; Suppl 556.
Johnsén C. Breast disease. A clinical study with special reference to diagnostic procedures. Acta Chir Scand 1975; Suppl 454.
Lindquist O, Bengtsson C, Hansson T, Roos B. Age at menopause and its relation to osteo­porosis. Maturitas 1979;1:175-81.
Noppa H, Bengtsson C. Obesity in relation to smoking: a population study of women in Göteborg, Sweden. Prev Med 1980;9:534-43.
Johansson NT. Thermography of the breast. A clinical study with special reference to breast cancer detection. Acta Chir Scand 1976; Suppl 460.
Bjurstam N. Radiography of the female breast and axilla. Acta Radiol 1978; Suppl 357.
Noppa H. Obesity in relation to ischaemic heart disease and its risk factors. A population study of women. Thesis, University of Gothenburg, 1979.
Lindquist O. Influence of the menopause on ischaemic heart disease and its risk factors and on bone mineral content. Results from a longitudinal study of women in Göteborg, Sweden. Thesis, University of Gothenburg, 1979.
Rafnsson V. The erythrocyte sedimentation rate. Observations in a population sample of women and male and female patients. Thesis, University of Gothenburg, 1981.
Samuelsson S. Life events and mental disorder in an urban female population. Acta Psychiatr Scand 1982; Suppl 299.
Petersen K. Screening for thyroid disease in Swedish women. Thesis, University of Gothenburg, 1991.
Hägglin C. Dental anxiety in a Swedish city population of women. Thesis, University of Gothenburg, 2000.
Pálsson SP. Population studies on depression in the elderly. Prevalence incidence and relation to cognitive function and dementia. Thesis, University of Gothenburg, 2000.
Noppa H, Bengtsson C, Björntorp P, Smith U, Tibblin E. Overweight in women - metabolic aspects. The population study of women in Göteborg 1968-1969. Acta Med Scand 1978;203:135-41.
Noppa H, Bengtsson C. Obesity in relation to socioeconomic status. A population study of women in Göteborg, Sweden. J Epidemiol Comm Health 1980;34:139-42.
Noppa H, Andersson M, Bengtsson C, Bruce Å, Isaksson B. Longitudinal studies of anthro­pometric data and body composition. The population study of women in Göteborg, Sweden. Am J Clin Nutr 1980;33:155-62.
Noppa H, Bengtsson C, Isaksson B, Smith U. Adipose tissue cellularity in adulthood and its relation to childhood obesity. Int J Obes 1980;4:253-63.
Lindquist O, Bengtsson C. Serum lipids, arterial blood pressure and body weight in relation to the menopause: results from a population study of women in Göteborg, Sweden. Scand J Clin Lab Invest 1980;40:629-36.
Bengtsson C, Lindquist O, Redvall L. Menstrual status and menopausal age of middle-aged Swedish women. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand 1981;60:269-75.
Sigurdsson J, Bengtsson C. Prevalence and management of arterial hypertension in a population sample of Swedish women. Scand J Soc Med 1981;9:41-7.
Bengtsson C, Tibblin E. Kvinnors hälsa. "Normala" laboratorievärden. Läkartidningen 1981;78:1433-34.
Bengtsson C, Sigurdsson J. Kvinnors hälsa. Hypertoni. Läkartidningen 1981;78:1432-33.
Bengtsson C. Kvinnors hälsa. Koronarsjukdom. Läkartidningen 1981;78:1431-32.
Bengtsson C, Kaijser B, Larsson P, Lurie M. Kvinnors hälsa. Ledvärk - ett vanligt symtom. Läkartidningen 1981;78:1434.
Bengtsson C. Kvinnors hälsa. Metodik vid populationsstudier - uppläggning och allmänna principer. Läkartidningen 1981;78:1428-30.
Lindquist O. Intraindividual changes of blood pressure, serum lipids and body weight in relation to menstrual status. Results from a prospective population study of women in Göteborg, Sweden. Prev Med 1982;11:162-72.
Sigurdsson JA, Bengtsson C. Symptoms and signs in relation to blood pressure and anti­hypertensive treatment. Acta Med Scand 1983;213:183-90.
Lapidus L, Bengtsson C. Socioeconomic factors and physical activity in relation to cardio­vascular disease and death. A 12 year follow up of participants in a population study of women in Gothenburg, Sweden. Br Heart J 1986;55:295-301.
Björkelund C, Bondyr-Carlsson D, Lapidus L, Lissner L, Månsson J, Skoog I, Bengtsson C. Sleep disturbances in midlife unrelated to 32-year diabetes incidence. The prospective Population Study of Women in Gothenburg. Diabetes Care 2005;28:2739-44.
Lapidus L, Lindstedt G, Lundberg P-A, Bengtsson C, Gredmark T. Concentrations of sex-hormone binding globulin and corticosteroid binding globulin in serum in relation to cardio­vascular risk factors and to 12-year incidence of cardiovascular disease and overall mortality in postmenopausal women. Clin Chem 1986;32:146-52.
Olsson R, Bliding Å, Jagenburg R, Lapidus L, Larsson B, Svärdsudd K, Wittboldt S. Gilbert's syndrome - does it exist? A study of the prevalence of symptoms in Gilbert's syndrome. Acta Med Scand 1988;224:485-90.
Bengtsson C, Lapidus L, Stendahl C, Waldenström J. Hyperuricaemia and risk for cardio­vascular disease and overall death. Acta Med Scand 1988;224:549-55.
Bengtsson C. Aspects of hormone replacement therapy in the post-menopause. Maturitas 1989;11:35-41.
Lundgren H, Bengtsson C, Blohmé G, Isaksson B, Lapidus L, Arvidsson Lenner R, Saaek A, Winther E. Dietary habits and incidence of noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus in a population study of women in Gothenburg, Sweden. Am J Clin Nutr 1989;49:708-12.
Lissner L, Bengtsson C, Lapidus L, Larsson B, Bengtsson B, Brownell K. Body weight variability and mortality in the Gothenburg prospective studies of men and women. In: Obesity in Europe 88. Björntorp P, Rössner S (eds). London: Libbey, 1989:51-6.
Nordenstam G, Andersson B, Bengtsson C, Briles D, Scott G, Svanborg A, Svanborg Edén C. Age-related change in anti-carbohydrate antibody levels. Am J Epidemiol 1989;129:89-96.
Tibblin G, Bengtsson C, Furunes B, Lapidus L. Symptoms by age and sex. The population studies of men and women in Gothenburg, Sweden. Scand J Prim Health Care 1990;8:9-17.
Helgesson Ö, Bengtsson C, Lapidus L, Merck C. Malignant neoplastic disease in women. Neoplasma 1990;37:367-73.
Lundgren H, Bengtsson C, Blohmé G, Lapidus L, Waldenström J. Fasting serum insulin concentration and early insulin response as risk determinants for developing diabetes. Diabetic Med 1990;7:407-13.
Petersen K, Bengtsson C, Lapidus L, Lindstedt G, Nyström E. Morbidity, mortality and quality of life for patients treated with levothyroxine. Arch Intern Med 1990;150:2077-81.
Ahlqwist M, Bengtsson C, Lapidus L, Bergdahl IA, Schütz A. Serum mercury concentration in relation to survival, symptoms, and diseases: results from the prospective population study of women in Gothenburg, Sweden. Acta Odontol Scand 1999;57:168-74.
Bengtsson C. One doctor's 25-year experience of b-blocker treatment to the same group of hypertensive women. Scand J Prim Health Care 1999;17:135-8.
Ahlqwist M, Bengtsson C, Hakeberg M, Hägglin C. Dental status of women in a 24-year longitudinal and cross-sectional study. Results from a population study of women in Göteborg. Acta Odontol Scand 1999;57:162-7.
Prospective Studies Collaboration. Collaborative overview ('meta-analysis') of prospective observational studies of the associations of usual blood pressure and usual cholesterol levels with common causes of death: protocol for the second cycle o the Prospective Studies Collaboration. J Cardiovasc Risk 1999;6:315-20.
Bengtsson C, Ahlqwist M, Bergdahl IA, Lapidus L, Schütz A. Inget samband mellan antal amalgamfyllningar och hälsa. Epidemioloigska erfarenheter från populationsstudie av kvinnor i Göteborg. Läkartidningen 2001;98:930-3.
Frisk F, Hakeberg M, Ahlqwist M, Bengtsson C. Endodontic variables and coronary heart disease. Acta Odontol Scand 2003;61:257-62.
Edin Zylberstein D, Bengtsson C, Björkelund C, Landaas S, Sundh V, Thelle D, Lissner L. Serum homocystein in relation to mortality and morbidity from coronary heart disease. A 24-year follow-up of the Population Study of Women in Gothenburg. Circulation 2004;109:601-6.
Lundh C, Bengtsson C, Björkelund C. Generation shift in family vs. working conditions as most important influence of women's mood? The Prospective Population Study of Women in Gothenburg, Sweden. Scand J Prim Health Care 2004;22:101-5.
Lapidus L, Bengtsson C, Bergfors E, Björkelund C, Spak F, Lissner L. Alcohol intake among women and its relationship to diabetes incidence and all-cause mortality.The 32-year follow-up of a population study of women in Gothenburg, Sweden. Diabetes Care 2005;28:2230-5.
Nyström E, Bengtsson C, Lapidus L, Petersen K, Lindstedt G. Smoking - a risk factor for hypothyroidism. J Endocrinol Invest 1993;16:129-31.
Röström K, Bengtsson C, Lissner L, Björkelund C. Reproducibility of self-reported menopause age at the 24-year follow-up of a population study of women in Göteborg, Sweden. Menopause 2005;12:275-80.
Guo X, Pantoni L, Simoni M, Gustafson D, Bengtsson C, Palmertz B, Skoog I. Midlife respiratory function related to white matter lesions and lacunar infarcts in late life. The Prospective Population Study of Women in Gothenburg, Sweden. Stroke 2006;37:1658-62.
Gamborg M, Byberg L, Rasmussen F, Kragh Andersen P, Baker JL, Bengtsson C, Canoy D, Drøyvold W, Eriksson JG, Forsén T, Gunnarsdottir I, Järvelin M-R, Koupil I, Lapidus L, Nilsen TI, Olsen SF, Schack-Nielsen L, Thorsdottir I, Tuomainen T-P, Sørensen TIA, on behalf of the NordNet Study Group. Birth weight and systolic blood pressure in adolescence and adulthood: meta-regression analysis of sex- and age-specific results from 20 Nordic studies. Am J Epidemiol 2007;166:634-45.
Guo X, Waern M, Sjögren K, Lissner L, Bengtsson C, Björkelund C, Östling S, Gustafson D, Skoog I. Midlife respiratory function and incidence of Alzheimer's disease: a 29-year longitudinal study in women. Neurobiol Aging 2007;28:343-50.
Prospective Studies Collaboration: (Bengtsson C, Björkelund C, Lissner L et al). Blood cholesterol and vascular mortality by age, sex, and blood pressure: a meta-analysis of individual data from 61 prospective studies with 55 000 vascular deaths. Lancet 2007;370:1829-39.
Helgesson Ö, Lissner L, Månsson J, Bengtsson C. Quality of life in cancer survivors as observed in a population study of Swedish women. Scand J Prim Health Care 2007;25:220-5.
Leong T, Zylberstein D, Graham I, Lissner L, Ward D, Fogarty J, Bengtsson C, Björkelund C, Thelle D, and for the Swedish-Irish-Norwegian Collaboration. Asymmetric dimethylarginine independently predicts fatal and nonfatal myocardial infarction and stroke in women: 24-year follow-up of the Population Study of Women in Gothenburg. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2008;28:961-7.
Björkelund C, Andersson-Hange D, Andersson K, Bengtsson C, Blomstrand A, Bondyr-Carlsson D, Eiben G, Rödström K, Sjöberg A, Sundh V, Weman L, Zylberstein D, Hakeberg M, Lissner L. Secular trends in cardiovascular risk factors with a 36-year perspective: Observations from 38- and 50-year-olds in the Population Study of Women in Gothenburg. Scand J Prim Health Care 2008;26:140-6.
Lapidus L, Andersson SW, Bengtsson C, Björkelund B. Rossander-Hulthén L, Lissner L. Weight and length at birth and their relationship to diabetes incidence and all-cause mortality - A 32-year follow-up of the population study of women in Gothenburg, Sweden. Primary Care Diabetes 2008;2:127-33.
Bengtsson C, Sigurdsson JA. Betablockerare på ont och gott - alltjämt ett bra alternativ vid hypertoni. Läkartidningen 2009;106:298-9.
Prospective Studies Collaboration (Bengtsson C, Björkelund C, Lissner L et al). Body-mass index and cause-specific mortality in 900 000 adults: collaborative analyses of 57 prospective studies. Lancet 2009;373:1083-96.
The Emerging Risk Factors Collaboration: (Bengtsson C, Björkelund C, Lissner L et al). Lipoprotein(a) concentration and the risk of coronary heart disease, stroke, and nonvascular mortality. JAMA 2009;302:413-23.
Bengtsson C, Lapidus L, Lissner L, Björkelund C, Lindqvist P, Sigurdsson JA. Dags att sluta basera risk på BMI. Läkartidningen 2009;106:1752-3.
Guo X, Pantoni L, Simoni M, Bengtsson C, Björkelund C, Lissner L, Gustafson D, Skoog I. Blood pressure components and changes in relation to white matter lesions. A 32-year prospective population study. Hypertension 2009;54:57-62.
Stenman A, Wennström A, Ahlqwist A, Bengtsson C, Björkelund C, Lissner L, Hakeberg M. Association between periodontal disease and ischemic heart disease among Swedish women. A cross-sectional study. Acta Odontol Scand 2009;67:193-9.
Gustafson DR, Bäckman K, Waern M, Östling S, Guo X, Zandi P, Mielke MM, Bengtsson C, Skoog I. Adiposity indicators and dementia over 32 years in Sweden. Neurology 2009;73:1559-66002.
Erlandsson L-K, Björkelund C, Lissner L, Håkansson C. Women's perceived frequency of disturbing interruptions and its relationship to self-rated health and satisfaction with life as a whole. Stress and Health 2010:26(3):225-32.
Johansson L, Guo X, Waern M, Ostling S, Gustafson D, Bengtsson C, Skoog I. Midlife psychological stress and risk of dementia: a 35-year longitudinal population study. Brain 2010:133(8):2217-24.
Mielke MM, Zandi PP, 'Shao H, Waern M, Östling S, Guo X, Björkelund C, Lissner L, Skoog I, Gustafson DR. The 32-year relationship between cholesterol and dementia from midlife to late life. Neurology 2010:75(21):1888-95.
Stenman U, Ahlqwist M, Björkelund C, Hakeberg M. Oral health-related quality of life - associations with oral health and conditions in Swedish 70-year-old individuals. Gerodontolgoy 2011 (epub ahead of print)
Lissner L, Bengtsson C, Björkelund C, Wedel H. Physical activity levels and changes in relation to longevity. A prospective study of Swedish women. Am J Epidemiol 1996;143:54-62
Hägglin C, Berggren U, Hakeberg M, Ahlqwist M. Dental anxiety among middle-aged and elderly women in Sweden. A study of oral state, utilisation of dental services and concomitant factors. Gerontology 1996;13:25-34
Furunes B, Bengtsson C, Lapidus L. Subjectively experienced symptoms in relation to socio-economic factors in women. Eur J Epidemiol 1996;12:617-24.
Björkelund C, Hultén B, Lissner L, Rothenberg E, Larsson B, Bengtsson C, Steen B, Tibblin G. Nya vikt-längdtabeller för medelsålders och äldre. Vikten ökar mer än längden. Läkartidningen 1997;94:332-5.
Lindroos A-K, Lissner L, Mathiassen ME, Karlsson J, Sullivan M, Bengtsson C, Sjöström L. Dietary intake in relation to restrained eating, disinhibition, and hunger in obese and nonobese Swedish women. Obes Res 1997;5:175-82.
Lissner L, Sjöström L, Bengtsson C, Bouchard C, Larsson B. The natural history of obesity in an obese population and associations with metabolic aberrations. Int J Obes 1994;18:441-7.
Lapidus L, Bengtsson C, Björntorp P. The quantitative relationship between "The Metabolic Syndrome" and abdominal obesity in women. Obes Res 1994;2:372-7.
Bengtsson C. Hjärtinfarkt hos kvinnor. Går det att förebygga? Läkartidningen 1994;48:4483-4.
Lissner L, Lindroos A-K. Is dietary underreporting macronutrient-specific? (Letter to the Editor). Eur J Clin Nutr 1994;48:453-4.
Hallberg L, Hulthén L, Bengtsson C, Lapidus L, Lindstedt G. Iron balance in menstruating women. Eur J Clin Nutr 1995;49:200-7.
Lilienthal Heitmann B, Lissner L, Sørensen TIA, Bengtsson C. Dietary fat intake and weight gain in women genetically predisposed for obesity. Am J Clin Nutr 1995;61:1213-7.
School of Public Health and Community Medicine
Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology
Public Health, Global Health and Social Medicine
A person 65 years of age or older. For a person older than 79 years, AGED, 80 AND OVER is available.
THIS TERM IS USED FOR DATA ON GENERAL ILL HEALTH.
CONCERNED WITH THE PREVENTION AND CONTROL OF DISEASE AND DISABILITY, AND THE PROMOTION OF THE PHYSICAL AND MENTAL HEALTH OF THE POPULATION
The science dealing with the study of mental processes and behavior in man and animals.
Studies designed to examine associations, commonly, hypothesized causal relations. They are usually concerned with identifying or measuring the effects of risk factors or exposures. The common types of analytic study are CASE-CONTROL STUDIES; COHORT STUDIES; and CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDIES.
Studies in which subsets of a defined population are identified. These groups may or may not be exposed to factors hypothesized to influence the probability of the occurrence of a particular disease or other outcome. Cohorts are defined populations which, as a whole, are followed in an attempt to determine distinguishing subgroup characteristics.
An acquired organic mental disorder with loss of intellectual abilities of sufficient severity to interfere with social or occupational functioning. The dysfunction is multifaceted and involves memory, behavior, personality, judgment, attention, spatial relations, language, abstract thought, and other executive functions. The intellectual decline is usually progressive, and initially spares the level of consciousness.
The medical science that deals with the origin, diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of mental disorders.
Typical way of life or manner of living characteristic of an individual or group. (From APA, Thesaurus of Psychological Index Terms, 8th ed)
Studies in which variables relating to an individual or group of individuals are assessed over a period of time.
Ongoing scrutiny of a population (general population, study population, target population, etc.), generally using methods distinguished by their practicability, uniformity, and frequently their rapidity, rather than by complete accuracy.
Standardized tests designed to measure abilities (as in intelligence, aptitude, and achievement tests) or to evaluate personality traits.
Social and economic factors that characterize the individual or group within the social structure.
Continuance of life or existence especially under adverse conditions; includes methods and philosophy of survival.
Mood-stimulating drugs used primarily in the treatment of affective disorders and related conditions. Several MONOAMINE OXIDASE INHIBITORS are useful as antidepressants apparently as a long-term consequence of their modulation of catecholamine levels. The tricyclic compounds useful as antidepressive agents (ANTIDEPRESSIVE AGENTS, TRICYCLIC) also appear to act through brain catecholamine systems. A third group (ANTIDEPRESSIVE AGENTS, SECOND-GENERATION) is a diverse group of drugs including some that act specifically on serotonergic systems.
A reduction in the number of circulating ERYTHROCYTES or in the quantity of HEMOGLOBIN.
Compounds that interact with ESTROGEN RECEPTORS in target tissues to bring about the effects similar to those of ESTRADIOL. Estrogens stimulate the female reproductive organs, and the development of secondary female SEX CHARACTERISTICS. Estrogenic chemicals include natural, synthetic, steroidal, or non-steroidal compounds.
The last menstrual period. Permanent cessation of menses (MENSTRUATION) is usually defined after 6 to 12 months of AMENORRHEA in a woman over 45 years of age. In the United States, menopause generally occurs in women between 48 and 55 years of age.
An aspect of personal behavior or lifestyle, environmental exposure, inborn or inherited characteristic, which, based on epidemiological evidence, is known to be associated with a health-related condition considered important to prevent.
The concept covering the physical and mental conditions of women.
Human females as cultural, psychological, sociological, political, and economic entities.
A status with BODY WEIGHT that is above certain standards. In the scale of BODY MASS INDEX, overweight is defined as having a BMI of 25.0-29.9 kg/m2. Overweight may or may not be due to increases in body fat (ADIPOSE TISSUE), hence overweight does not equal "over fat".
The waist circumference measurement divided by the hip circumference measurement. For both men and women, a waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) of 1.0 or higher is considered "at risk" for undesirable health consequences, such as heart disease and ailments associated with OVERWEIGHT. A healthy WHR is 0.90 or less for men, and 0.80 or less for women. (National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, 2004)
A group of pathological conditions characterized by sudden, non-convulsive loss of neurological function due to BRAIN ISCHEMIA or INTRACRANIAL HEMORRHAGES. Stroke is classified by the type of tissue NECROSIS, such as the anatomic location, vasculature involved, etiology, age of the affected individual, and hemorrhagic vs. non-hemorrhagic nature. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp777-810)
Depressive states usually of moderate intensity in contrast with MAJOR DEPRESSIVE DISORDER present in neurotic and psychotic disorders.
documentation/Kvus 1968 - Allmänt frågeformulär.pdf
documentation/Kvus 1968 - Gynekologiskt formulär.pdf
documentation/Kvus 1974 - Allmänt frågeformulär.pdf
documentation/Variabellista Kvinnoundersökningen 1974.doc
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