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        <r:String xml:lang="sv">Belastningsbesvär och stress hos kassörer i utgångskassa 2005</r:String>
        <r:String xml:lang="en">Musculoskeletal disorders and stress in checkout cashiers 2005</r:String>
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          <r:String xml:lang="en">Arbetslivsinstitutet</r:String>
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        <r:SimpleDate>2007-01-01</r:SimpleDate>
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    <r:Abstract>
      <r:Content xml:lang="sv">Kassaarbete i en dagligvarubutik har studerats, dels genom en detaljerad videoanalys av arbetsrörelser och kundinteraktion hos sex kassörer med en parallell observation av kundbeteendet, dels genom en enkätundersökning av besvärsförekomst, upplevelse av stress och stressande moment i kundkontakter hos 50 kassörer inom samma butikskedja i Stockholmsområdet. Arbetsorganisatoriska aspekter studerades inte primärt men enkätresultaten berörde till viss del också dessa förhållanden. Medelåldern för de som svarade på enkäten var låg, 24 år, med erfarenheter i yrket på tre år i genomsnitt. Trots låg ålder var förekomsten av belastningsbesvär tämligen hög. Under det senaste året hade 68 procent känt av nackbesvär medan motsvarande siffra för skuldra var 66, hand/arm 32, bröstrygg 50 och ländrygg 58 procent. Mellan 14 och 18 procent hade någon gång under det senaste året inte kunnat utföra sitt arbete på grund av besvären. Upplevelsen av stress varierade men merparten av respondenterna upplevde stressen som positiv. Ett antal arbetsmoment upplevdes som särskilt fysiskt belastande såsom att hitta EAN-koden på tunga objekt. Kundernas beteende, såsom ovänliga attityder, byggandet av varuberg och retur och reklamationer av varor, var den största källan till psykisk stress. Dålig funktion hos datorsystem och annan telknisk utrustning var andra källor till stress. Studien utmynnade i ett antal rekommendationer kring kassautformning, utbildning av kassörer och organisation av kassaarbete.

Syfte:

Att få djupare kunskaper om hur fysisk och psykisk belastning på kassörer i dagligvaruhandeln påverkas av kassans utformning och interaktionen med kunderna.</r:Content>
      <r:Content xml:lang="en">As a complement to an investigation of work movements, the prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders and stress at work was investigated among checkout cashiers in a number of shops belonging to the same company during May 2005. The disorder prevalence was assessed by a NMR-questionnaire form. The stress load was assessed by a stress-energy questionnaire according to Kjellberg and Iwanowski. In addition, questions about stressing factors at work were put. Fifty cashiers from seven shops in a metropolitan area filled in the questionnaire. The cashiers had an average age of 24 years. In spite of this the prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders was quite high. The stress-energy results showed a picture of experienced stress in many subjects but positive energy readings in most subjects. Several operations were experienced as physically straining, especially lifting heavy objects. The behaviour of the customers was the major course for stress. Unfriendly or tardy behaviour, piling up products, complaints about and return of products were mentioned. Bad design or function of the computer system or other technical equipment were other sources of stress. Regarding the interaction with the customers the payment situation was an activity causing irritation.

Purpose:

To study physical and psychological burden on the cashiers in grocery stores.</r:Content>
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