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Procedure for identifying metaphorical scenes (PIMS): the case of spatial and abstract relations. - Study 1: Reliability testing for corpus linguistic data for the preposition into

https://doi.org/10.5878/v1ek-zj31
This study tackles the tricky problem of identifying metaphors in language that includes prepositions (e.g., Reijnierse, 2019, Herrmann et al., 2019, Nacey et al. 2019, Marhula and Rosiński, 2019) . The study is based on data from the Corpus of Contemporary American English (COCA, Davies, 2008). We demonstrate how the Procedure for Identifying Metaphorical Scenes (PIMS) reflected and evoked by linguistic expressions in discourse (Johansson Falck & Okonski, manuscript accepted for publication), can be used to identify metaphorical relations reflected in language. Two studies are presented that test the reliability of the procedure and the sensitivity of the tool for prepositions. Results show that PIMS provides a simple procedure that increases both reliability and sensitivity for prepositional constructions. By focusing on the scenes evoked by linguistic constructions, the procedure highlights the contextual meanings of the constructions and the specific experiences that they code. References: Davies, M. (2008). COCA. Corpus of Contemporary American English. Herrmann, B., et al. (2019). Linguistic metaphor identification in German. In Nacey, S., Dorst, A. G., Krennmayr, T. W., Reijnierse, W. G. (Eds.). Metaphor Identification in Multiple Languages: MIPVU Around the World, Volume 22 (pp 113-136). Amsterdam/Philadelphia, John Benjamins Publishing Company. Johansson Falck, M. and L. Okonski (manuscript accepted for publication). "Procedure for Identifying Metaphorical Scenes (PIMS): A Cognitive Linguistics Approach to Bridge Theory and Practice." Cognitive Semantics. Marhula, J. and M. Rosiński (2019). Linguistic metaphor identification in Polish. In Nacey, S., Dorst, A. G., Krennmayr, T. W., Reijnierse, W. G. (Eds.). Metaphor Identification in Multiple Languages: MIPVU Around the World, Volume 22 (pp 183-202). Amsterdam/Philadelphia, John Benjamins Publishing Company. Nacey, S., et al. (2019). Linguistic metaphor identification in Scandinavian. In Nacey, S., Dorst, A. G., Krennmayr, T. W., Reijnierse, W. G. (Eds.). Metaphor Identification in Multiple Languages: MIPVU Around the World, Volume 22 (pp 137-158). Amsterdam/Philadelphia, John Benjamins Publishing Company. Reijnierse, W. G. (2019). Linguistic metaphor identification in French. In Nacey, S., Dorst, A. G., Krennmayr, T. W., Reijnierse, W. G. (Eds.). Metaphor Identification in Multiple Languages: MIPVU Around the World, Volume 22 (pp 69-90). Amsterdam/Philadelphia, John Benjamins Publishing Company. In a first study, we used PIMS to identify metaphorical ‘into relations’ that are evoked by sentences that include the preposition into. The data was excepted from (Davies, 2008). We excerpted instances of into + noun collocations where into was tagged as a preposition and the noun was located in a window one word to the right of the preposition. For more information, please see Johansson Falck and Okonski (2022). Reference: Davies, Mark. (2008-) The Corpus of Contemporary American English (COCA). Available online at https://www.english-corpora.org/cocaOpens in a new tab. Johansson Falck, M. and L. Okonski (manuscript accepted for publication). "Procedure for Identifying Metaphorical Scenes (PIMS): A Cognitive Linguistics Approach to Bridge Theory and Practice." Cognitive Semantics, in press, https://doi.org/10.1080/10926488.2022.2062243Opens in a new tab.
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Citation and access

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Method and outcome

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Population:

We applied PIMS to the identification of metaphorical constructions that include prepositions in two studies (see below).

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Description of sampling:

We applied PIMS to the identification of metaphorical constructions that include prepositions in two studies, which are described by Johansson Falck and Okonski (2022). Study 1: Reliability testing for corpus linguistic data for the preposition into In the first study, we used PIMS to identify metaphorical ‘into relations’ that are evoked by sentences that include the preposition into. The data was excerpted from (Davies, 2008). We excerpted 100 instances of into + noun collocations where into was tagged as a preposition and the noun was located in a window one word to the right of the preposition. Study 2: Testing for Mixed Prepositions in a Brexit Text In the second study, we applied PIMS to a data set with a mixture of prepositions. The data set was made up of 149 instances (see footnote 1) of either one of the prepositions about, across, after, against, among, at, between, by, despite, due to, during, from, in, inside, into, of, on, over, through, to, towards and with, which are present in a text on Brexit previously analyzed in applications of MIPVU (Nacey, S. D. et al. 2019). References: Davies, M. (2008-) The Corpus of Contemporary American English (COCA). Available online at https://www.english-corpora.org/coca/. Johansson Falck, M. and L. Okonski (2022). "Procedure for Identifying Metaphorical Scenes (PIMS): The Case of Spatial and Abstract Relations." Metaphor & Symbol, in press, https://doi.org/10.1080/10926488.2022.2062243. Nacey, S. D. et al. (2019). What the MIPVU protocol doesn't tell you (even though it mostly does). In Nacey, S., Dorst, A. G., Krennmayr, T. W., Reijnierse, W. G. (Eds.). Metaphor Identification in Multiple Languages: MIPVU Around the World, Volume 22 (pp 41-68). Amsterdam/Philadelphia, John Benjamins Publishing Company. ______________________________ Footnote 1. We excerpted 100 random instances of each into collocations where into was tagged as a preposition. However, such searches in COCA occasionally generate fewer than 100 instances of each collocation. Moreover, when the data was excerpted (December 12th, 2020) there were fewer than 100 instances of the 56-100 most frequent into + noun collocations in COCA.

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Data a British news texts (http://www.theguardian.com/politics/2016/jun/24/brexit-fallout-what-we-know-so-far and ) and data from the Corpus of Contemporary American English were analyzed. Sources: https://osf.io/vw46k/ Davies, M. (2008). COCA. Corpus of Contemporary American English. I

Administrative information

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Department of Language Studies

Topic and keywords

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Standard för svensk indelning av forskningsämnen 2025:

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Relations

Is derived from:

Study 1 is based on data from the Corpus of Contemporary American English (COCA) excerpted 05012019Opens in a new tab

Is derived from:

Study 2 is a comparison with an application of MIPVU to the analysis of prepositions in a text on Brexit (available from https://osf.io/vw46k/ and discussed in Nacey, S. D., Aletta G., Krennmayr, T., & Reijnierse, G. W. (2019). What the MIPVU protocol doesn't tell you (even though it mostly does). In S. D. Nacey, Aletta G., T. Krennmayr, & G. W. Reijnierse (Eds.), Metaphor Identification in Multiple Languages)Opens in a new tab

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Publications

Citation:

Johansson Falck, M. and L. Okonski (2022). "Procedure for Identifying Metaphorical Scenes (PIMS): The Case of Spatial and Abstract Relations ." Metaphor & Symbol, in press.

Contact

Lacey Okonskilacey.okonski@gmail.comOpens in a new tab

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