The Betula Project - Aging, memory and dementia
The Betula Project is a longitudinal study of aging, memory and dementia. Data was collected through six waves between 1988–2014: 1988-1990 (test wave 1); 1993-1995 (test wave 2); 1998-2000 (test wave 3); 2003-2005 (test wave 4); 2008-2010 (test wave 5); 2013-2014 (test wave 6).
For each test wave participants completed a thorough physical examination with blood tests of a nurse and a careful examination of a memory tester. There are data collected from approximately 4,700 participants. On each occasion, data for about 2000 variables were collected for each participant, which includes data on demographics, health, illness, medication, social and cognitive factors.
The Betula project has received funding for research infrastructures (large databases) from the Swedish Research Council. This means a major effort to make the Betula database available to researchers outside the project through collaborations with researchers within the Betula project. To the Betulas database, genetic data and biological samples are also connected.
Purpose:
Study how memory functions change during adult life, to identify risk factors for dementia and to identify early preclinical signs of dementia and determine the critical factors of successful aging.
Go to data source
Opens in a new tabhttps://www.umu.se/forskning/projekt/betula---aldrande-minne-och-demens/
Citation and access
Citation and access
Creator/Principal investigator(s):
Research principal:
Principal's reference number:
- 2013-92-31M
- 08-132
- 03-484
- 97-173 (§7/870303)
Data contains personal data:
Yes
Type of personal data:
Pseudonymized data
Code key exists:
Yes
Sensitive personal data:
Yes
Citation:
Data access level:
Method and outcome
Method and outcome
Unit of analysis:
Population:
Indivduals in agegroups between 25-80 living in Umeå county.
Study design:
- Observational study
- Cohort study
- Cohort study: Prospective
Description of study design:
The study began with including 1000 randomly selected individuals from the Umeå municipality in the age groups 35, 40, 45, 50, 55, 60, 65, 70, 75 and 80 years. It was 100 in each age cohort, and the gender distribution was similar to the population with about as many men as women in the younger age groups, and about twice as many women as men in the age groups 70 and over. Over the course of the study five more samples was added with varying age span between 25-95 years old.
Sampling procedure:
Description of sampling:
1000 individuals in age groups 35, 40, 45, 50, 55, 60, 65, 70, 75 and 80 were randomly selected (sample 1, S1). There were 100 individuals i each age cohort, the gender distribution reflected the gender distribution in the population ie about as many men as women in the younger age groups and about twice as many women as men from age group 70 and above (test occasion 1, T1) In T2, five years later, two new samples were added to the group, S2 (ca 1000, age 35-80) and S3 (ca 960, age 40-85). At T3 sample 4 was added (ca 500, age 35-90). At T4, sample 5 was added (ca 500, age 35-95) and at T5 sample 6 was added (ca 350, age 25-80).
Time period(s) investigated:
Data collections - 6 collections
Data collections - 6 collections
Data collection
Data collection
Description of the mode of collection:
Psychological measurements and tests, physical measurements and tests, and self-administered questionnaires.
Time period(s) for data collection:
1988 - 1990
Data collection
Data collection
Description of the mode of collection:
Psychological measurements and tests, physical measurements and tests, and self-administered questionnaires.
Time period(s) for data collection:
1993 - 1995
Data collection
Data collection
Description of the mode of collection:
Psychological measurements and tests, physical measurements and tests, and self-administered questionnaires.
Time period(s) for data collection:
1998 - 2000
Data collection
Data collection
Description of the mode of collection:
Psychological measurements and tests, physical measurements and tests, and self-administered questionnaires.
Time period(s) for data collection:
2003 - 2005
Data collection
Data collection
Description of the mode of collection:
Psychological measurements and tests, physical measurements and tests, and self-administered questionnaires.
Time period(s) for data collection:
2008 - 2010
Data collection
Data collection
Description of the mode of collection:
Psychological measurements and tests, physical measurements and tests, and self-administered questionnaires.
Time period(s) for data collection:
2013 - 2014
Geographic coverage
Geographic coverage
Geographic location:
Geographic description:
Umeå county
Administrative information
Administrative information
Responsible department/unit:
Department of Integrative Medical Biology (IMB)
Ethics Review 1:
Umeå - 97-173 (§7/870303)
Ethics Review 2:
Umeå - 03-484
Ethics Review 3:
Umeå - 2013-92-31M
Ethics Review 4:
Umeå - 08-132
Funding
Funding
Funding agency:
- Swedish Research Council
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Award number:
K2010-61X-21446-01
Funding agency:
- Knut and Alice Wallenberg foundation (KAW)
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ROROpens in a new tab
Topic and keywords
Topic and keywords
CESSDA Topic Classification:
Standard för svensk indelning av forskningsämnen 2025:
Keywords:
Publications
Publications
Citation:
Nixon Andreasson, A., Szulkin, R., Undén, A.-L., von Essen, J., Nilsson, L.-G., & Lekander, M. (in press). Inflammation and positive affect related to subjective health: Women from the general population. Health Psychology.
Citation:
Pickard B.S., Van Den Bossche M.J., Malloy M.P., Johnstone M., Lenaerts A.S., Nordin A., Goossens D., St Clair D., Muir W.J., Nilsson L.-G., Sabbe B., Adolfsson R., Blackwood D.H., & Del-Favero J. (in press). Multiplex amplicon quantification screening the ABCA13 gene for copy number variation in schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. Psychiatric Genetics. 2012 Mar 1. [Epub ahead of print]
Citation:
Mousavi-Nasab, S.-M. H., Kormi-Nouri, R., Sundström, A., & Nilsson, L.-G. (2012) The effects of marital status on episodic and semantic memory in healthy middle-aged and old individuals. Scandinavian Journal of Psychology, 53, 1-8. Doi: 10.1111/j.1467-9450.2011.00926.x
Citation:
Salami, A., Eriksson, J., Nyberg, L., & Nilsson, L.-G. (2012). Age-related white matter microsctructural differences are not major mediators of cognitive decline in aging. Biochemica et Biophysica Acta-Molecular Basis of Disease, 1822, 408-415. Doi: 10.1016/jbbadis.2011.09.001.
Citation:
Wikgren, M., Karlsson, T., Nilbrink, T., Nordfjäll, K., Hultdin, J., Sleegers, K., Van Broeckhoven, C., Nyberg, L., Roos, G., Nilsson, L.-G., Adolfsson, R., & Norrback, K.-F. (2012). APOE e4 is associated with longer telomeres, and longer telomeres among e4 carriers predicts worse episodic memory. Neurobiology of Aging, 33, 335-344. Doi: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2010.03.004.
Citation:
Wikgren, M., Maripuu, M., Karlsson, T., Nordfjäll, K., Bergdahl, J., Hultdin, J., Del-Favero, J., Roos, G., Nilsson, L.-G., Adolfsson, R., & Norrback, K.-F. (2012). Short telomeres in depression and the general population are associated with hypocortisolemic state. Biological Psychiatry, 71, 294-300. Doi: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2011.09.015.
Citation:
Ceulemans, S., De Zutter, S., Heyrman, L., Norrback, K.-F., Nordin, A., Nilsson, L.-G., Adolfsson, R., Del-Favero, J., & Claes, S. (2011). Evidence for the involvement of the glucocorticoid receptor gene in bipolar disorder in an isolated Swedish population. Bipolar Disorders, 13, 614-623. Doi: 10.1111/j.1399-5618.2011.00960.x.
Citation:
Hedner, M., Nilsson, L.-G., Olofsson, J.K., Bergman, O., Eriksson, E., Nyberg, L., & Larsson, M. (2011). Age-related olfactory decline is associated with the val66met polymorphism: Evidence from a population-based study. Frontiers of Cognitive Aging: Neoroscience. Doi: 10.3389/fnagi.2010.00024.
Citation:
Kauppi, K., Nilsson, L.-G., Adolfsson, R., Eriksson, E., & Nyberg, L. (2011). KIBRA polymorphism is related to enhanced memory and elevated hippocampal processing. Journal of Neuroscience, 40, 14218-14222. Doi: 10.1523/jneurosci.3292-11.2011.
Citation:
Kompus, K., Westerhausen, R., Nilsson, L.-G., Hugdahl, K., Jongstra, S., Berglund, A., Arver, S., & Savic, I. (2011). Deficits in inhibitory executive functions in Klinefelter (47, XXY) syndrome. Psychiatry Research, 189, 135-140. Doi: 10.1016/jpsychres.201102.028.
Citation:
Lekander, M., von Essen, J., Schultzberg, M., Nixon Andreasson, A., Garlind, A., Hansson, L.-O., & Nilsson, L.-g. (2011). Cytokines and memory across the mature life span of women. Scandinavian Journal of Psychology, 52, 229-235. Doi: 10.1111/j.1467-9450.2010.00865.x.
Citation:
Moens, L.N., De Rijk, P., Reumers, J., Van den Bossche, M.J.A., Glassee, W., De Zutter, S., Lenaerts, A.S., Nordin, A., Nilsson, L.-G., Castello, I.M., Norrback, K.F., Goossens, D., Van Steen, K., Adolfsson, R., & Del-Favero, J. (2011). Sequencing of DISC1 patheway genes reveals increased burden of rare missense variants in schizophrenia patients from a northern Swedish population. PlosONE, 6. Doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0023450.
Citation:
Nilsson, L.-G. (2011). Genetic and demographic factors related to successful aging. Frontiers in Human Neuroscience. Conference Abstract: XI International Conference on Cognitive Neuroscience (ICON XI). Doi: 10.3389/conf.fnhum.2011.207.00593
Citation:
Persson, J., Kalpouzos, G., Nilsson, L.-G., Ryberg, M., & Nyberg, L. (2011). Preserved hippocampus activation in normal aging as revealed by fMRI. Hippocampus, 21, 753-766. Doi: 10.1002/hipo.20794.
Citation:
Rönnberg, J., Danielsson, H., Rudner, M., Arlinger, S., Sternäng, O., Wahlin, Å., & Nilsson, L.-G. (2011). Hearing loss is negatively related to episodic and semantic long-term memory but not to short-term memory. Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research, 54, 705-726. Doi: 10.1044/1092-4388(2010/09-0088).
Citation:
Sundström, A., Bergdahl, J., Nyberg, L., Bergdahl, M., & Nilsson, L.-G. (2011). Stressful negative life events and amalgam-related complaints. Community Dentistry and Oral Epidemiology, 39, 12-18. Doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0528.2010.00571.x
Citation:
Vestergren, P., & Nilsson, L.-G. (2011). Perceived causes of everyday memory problems in a population-based sample aged 39-99. Applied Cognitive Psychology, 25, 641-646. Doi: 10.1002/acp.1734.
Citation:
Vestergren, P., Rönnlund, M., Nyberg, L., & Nilsson, L.-G. (2011). Development of the Cognitive Dysfunction Questionnaire (CDQ) in a population based sample. Scandinavian Journal of Psychology, 52, 218-228. Doi: 10.1111/j.1467-9450.2010.00861.x.
Citation:
Backeström, A., Eriksson, S., Nilsson, L.-G., Nyberg, L., Olsson, T., & Rolandsson, O. (2010). Glucose metabolism and cognitive dysfunction. Diabeologia, 53, 730.
Citation:
Bergman, O., Westberg, L., Nilsson, L.-G., Adolfsson, R., & Eriksson, E. (2010). Preliminary evidence that polymorphisms in dopamine-related transcription factors LMX1A, LMX1B and PITX3 are associated with schizophrenia. Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology & Biological Psychiatry, 34, 1094-1097.
Citation:
Danielsson, H., Henry, L., Rönnberg, J., & Nilsson, L.-G. (2010). Executive functions in individuals with intellectual disability. Research in Developmental Disabilities, 31, 1299-1304.
Citation:
Danielsson, H., Henry, L.A., Rönnberg, J., & Nilsson, L.-G. (2010). Selective problems in executive function in adults with ID: The Betula Database. Journal of Applied Research in Intellectual Disabilities, 23, 438-458.
Citation:
Eriksson, D., Nilsson, L.-G., Rönnlund, M., & Sundström, A. (2010). Effects of perceived long-term stress on health and memory functioning. Abstracts of the Psychonomic Society, 15, 78-78.
Citation:
de Frias, C.M., Marklund, P., Eriksson, E., Larsson, A., Öhman, L., Annerbrink, K., Bäckman, L., Nilsson, L.-G., & Nyberg, L. (2010). Influence of COMT gene polymorphism on fMRI-assessed sustained and transient activity during a working-memory task. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience, 22, 1614-1622.
Citation:
Malmberg, G., Nilsson, L.-G., & Weinehall, L. (2010). Longitudinal data for interdiscipinary aging research. Scandinavian Journal of Public Health, 38, 761-767.
Citation:
Nilsson, L.-G. (2010). The Betula Study: Memory, ageing, health and dementia in Sweden. Public Service Review: European Union, 19, 130-131.
Citation:
Nyberg, L., Salami, A., Andersson, M., Eriksson, J., Kalpouzos, G., Kauppi, K., Lind, J., Pudas, S., Persson, J., & Nilsson, L.-G. (2010) Longitudinal evidence for diminished frontal-cortex function in aging. PNAS, 107, 22682-22686. Doi: 10.1073/pnas.1012651108.
Citation:
Olofsson, J.K., Nordin, S., Wiens, S., Hedner, M., Nilsson, L.-G., & Larssson, M. (2010). Odor identification impairment in carriers of ApoE-?4 is independent of dementia. Neurobiology of Aging, 31, 567-577.
Citation:
Sternäng, O., Jonsson, B., Wahlin, Å., Nyberg, L., & Nilsson, L.-G (2010). Examination of the common cause account in a population-based longitudinal study with narrow age cohort design. Gerontology, 56, 553-563.
Citation:
Sundström, A., Bergdahl, J., Nyberg, L., Bergdahl, M., & Nilsson, L.-G. (2010). Cognitive status in persons with Amalgam related complaints. Journal of Dental Research, 89, 1236-1240.
Citation:
Thilers, P.P., MacDonald, S.W., Nilsson, l.-G., & Herlitz, A. (2010). Accelerated postmenopausal cognitive decline is restricted to women ith normal BMI: Longitudinal evidence from the Betula project. Psychoneuroendocrinology, 35, 516-524.
Citation:
Naghavi, H.R., Lind, J., Nilsson, L.-G., Adolfsson, R., & Nyberg, L. (2009). Personality traits predict response to novel and familiar stimuli in the hippocampal region. Psychiatry Research: Neuroimaging, 173, 94-99
Citation:
Alaerts, M., Ceulemans, S., Forero, D., Moens, L.N., De Zutter, S., Heyman, L., Lenaerts, A.S., Norrback, K.F., Goossens, D., De Rijk, P., Nilsson, L.-G., Adolfsson, R., & Del-Favero, J. (2009). Detailed analysis of the serotonin transporter gene (SLC6A4) shows no association with bipolar disorder in the Northern Swedish population. American Journal of Medical Genetics: Neuropsychiatric Genetics, 150B, 585-592.
Citation:
Alaerts, M., Ceulemans, S., Forero, D., Moens, L.N., De Zutter, S., Heyman, L., Lenaerts, A.S., Norrback, K.F., De Rijk, P., Nilsson, L.-G., Goossens, D., Adolfsson, R., & Del-Favero, J. (2009). Support for NRG1 as a susceptibility factor for schizophrenia in a Northern Swedish isoated population. Archives of General Psychiatry, 66, 828-828
Citation:
Ballesteros, S., Nilsson, L.-G., & Lamaire, P. (2009). Ageing, cognition and neuroscience: An introduction. European Journal of Cognitive Psychology, 21, 161-175.
Citation:
Maitland, S.B., Nyberg, L., Bäckman, L., Nilsson, L.-G., & Adolfsson, R. (2009). The search for structure: The temperament character of the Temperament and Character Inventory. In C. Herzog (Ed.), Cognition and aging: Methodologies and applications. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.
Citation:
Hedner, M., Nilsson, L.-G., Olofsson, J. et al. (2008). The BDNF Val66Met polymorphism influences olfactory processing. International Journal of Psychology, 43, 275-276.
Citation:
Maitland, S.B., Nyberg, L., Bäckman, L., Nilsson, L.-G., & Adolfsson, R. (2009). On the structure of personality: Are there separate temperament and character factors. Personality and Individual Differences, 47, 180-184.
Citation:
Nilsson, L.-G., Sternäng, O., Rönnlund, M., & Nyberg, L. (2009). Challenging the notion of an early-onset of cognitive aging. Neurobiology of Aging, 30, 521-524.
Citation:
Nyberg, L., Andersson, M., Forsgren, L., Jakobsson-Mo, S., Larsson, A., Marklund, P., Nilsson, L.-G., Riklund, K., & Bäckman, L- (2009). Striatal dopamine D2 binding is related to frontal BOLD response during updating of long-term memory representations. NeuroImage, 46, 1194-1199.
Citation:
Olofsson, J., Rönnlund, M., Nordin, S., Nyberg, L., Nilsson, L.-G., & Larsson, M. (2009). Odor identification deficit as a predictor of five-year global cognitive change: Interactive effects with age and ApoE-?4. Behavior Genetics, 39, 496-503.
Citation:
Rönnlund, M., & Nilsson, L-G. (2009). Flynn effects on sub-factors of episodic and semantic memory: Parallel gains over time and the same set of determining factors. Neuropsychologia, 11, 2174-2188.
Citation:
Bergdahl, M., Bergdahl, J., Nyberg, L., & Nilsson, L.-G. (2008). Difference I apolipoprotein E type 4 allele (APOE-?4) among dentate and edentulous subjects. Gerodontology, 25(3), 179-186
Citation:
de Frias, C.M., Bunce, D., Wahlin, Å., Adolfsson, R., Sleegers, K., Cruts, M., Van Broeckhoven, C., & Nilsson, L.-G. (2008). Cholesterol and triglycerides moderate the effect of apolipoprotein E on memory functioning in older adults. Journal of Gerontology: Psychological Sciences, 62, P112-P118.
Citation:
Hansson, P., Rönnlund, M., Juslin, P., & Nilsson, L.-G. (2008). Adult age diffeerences in the realism of confidence judgments: Overconfidence, formal dependence, and cognitive predictors. Psychology and Aging, 23(3), 531-544.
Citation:
Holmgren, S., Molander, B., & Nilsson, L.-G. (2008). Episodic memory in adult age and effects of sibship size and birth order: Longitudinal data. Journal of Adult Development, 14, 37-46.
Citation:
Kask, K., Bäckström, T., Nilsson, L.-G., & Sundström-Poromaa, I. (2008). Allopregnanolone impairs episodic memory in healthy women. Psychpharmacology, 199(2), 161-168.
Citation:
Kormi-Nouri, R., Shojaei, R.-S., Moniri, S., Gholami, A.-R., Moradi, A.-R., Akbari-Zardkhaneh, S., & Nilsson, L.-G. (2008). The effect of childhood bilingualism on episodic and semantic memory tasks. Scandinavian Journal of Psychology, 49(2), 93-109.
Citation:
Olofsson, J., Rönnlund, M., Nordin, S., et al. (2008). Odor identification impairment predicts cognitive decline and Alzheimer's disease. International Journal of Psychology, 43, 469-469.
Citation:
Persson, J., Lind, J., Larsson, A., Ingvar, M., Sleegers, K., Van Broeckhoven, C., Adolfsson, R., Nilsson, L.-G., & Nyberg, L. (2008). Altered deactivation in individuals with genetic risk for Alzheimer's disease. Neuropsychologia, 46, 1679-1687.
Citation:
Rolandsson, O., Backeström, A., Eriksson, S., Hallmans, G., & Nilsson, L.-G. (2008). Increased glucose levels are associated with episodic memory in nondiabetic women. Diabetes, 57, 440-443.
Citation:
Rönnlund, M., Lövdén, M., & Nilsson, L.-G. (2008). Cross-Sectional versus Longitudinal Age Gradients of Tower of Hanoi Performance: The Role of Practice Effects and Cohort Differences in Education. Aging, Neuropsychology and Cognition, 15, 40-67
Citation:
Rönnlund, M., Mäntylä, T., & Nilsson, L.-G. (2008). The prospective and retrospective memory questionnaire (PRMQ): Factorial structure, relations to global subjective memory ratings, and Swedish norms. Scandinavian Journal of Psychology, 49, 11-18.
Citation:
Rönnlund, M., & Nilsson, L.-G. (2008). The magnitude, generality, and determinants of Flynn effects on forms of declarative memory and visuospatial ability: Time-sequential analyses of data from a Swedish cohort study. Intelligence, 36, 192-209.
Citation:
Sternäng, O., Wahlin, Å., & Nilsson, L.- G. (2008). Examination of the processing speed account in a population-based longitudinal study with narrow age cohort design. Scandinavian Journal of Psychology, 49(5), 419-428
Citation:
Sundström, A., Nilsson, L.-G., Cruts, M., Adolfsson, R., Van Broeckhoven, C., & Nyberg, L. (2008). Fatigue before and after mild traumatic brain injury: Pre-post-injury comparisons in relation to ApolipoproteinE. Brain Injury, 1-6.
Citation:
Wahlin, Å., Anstey, K., McDonald, S.W.S., Ahmed, S.M., Kivipelto, M., Kunnukattil, K.S.S., Mai, T.T., Nilsson, L.-G., Streatfield, P.K., van Boxtel, M.P., & Kabir, Z.N. (2008). The international network on public health and aging (INOPA): Introducing a life course perspective to the public health agenda. Journal of Cross-Cultural Gerontology, 23(1), 97-105.
Citation:
Zhang, Y.M., Han, B., & Nilsson, L.-G. (2008). Executive functioning in older adults with mild cognitive impairment: MCI has effects on planning, but not on inhibition: Erratum. Aging, Neuropsychology and Cognition, 15(2), 256-256.
Citation:
Bergdahl, M., Habib, R., Bergdahl, J., Nyberg, L., & Nilsson, L.-G. (2007). Natural teeth and cognitive function in humans. Scandinavian Journal of Psychology, 48, 557-568.
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de Frias, C. M., Lövdén, M., Lindenberger, U., & Nilsson, L.-G. (2007). Revisiting the dedifferention hypothesis with longitudinal multi-cohort data. Intelligence, 35, 381-392.
Citation:
Habib, R., Nyberg, L., & Nilsson, L.-G. (2007). Cognitive and non-cognitive factors contributing to the longitudinal identification of successful older adults in the Betula study. Aging, Neuropsychology and Cognition, 14, 257-273.
Citation:
Meyer, T. D., Hammelstein, P., Nilsson, L.-G., Skeppar, P., Adolfsson, R., & Angst, J. (2007). The Hypomania Checklist (HCL-32): Its factorial structure and association to indices of impairment in German and Swedish nonclinical samples. Comprehensive Psychiatry, 48, 79-87.
Citation:
Nilsson, L.-G., & Larsson, M. (2007). Objective and subjective memory function for men and women in adulthood and old age. In S. Magnussen & T. Helstrup (Eds.), Everyday memory, pp. 275-290. London: Psychology Press
Citation:
Sundström, A., Nilsson, L.-G., Cruts, M., Adolfsson, R., Van Broeckhoven, C., & Nyberg, L. (2007). Increased risk of dementia following mild head injury for carriers but not for non-carriers of the APOE-?4 allele. International Psychgeriatrics, 19, 159-165.
Citation:
Van Den Eede, F., Venken, T., Del-Favero, J., Norrback, K.-F., Souery, D., Nilsson, L.-G., Van den Bossche, B., Houlstijn, W., Sabbe, B. G. C., Cosyns, P., Mendlewicz, J., Adolfsson, R., Van Broeckhoven, C., & Claes, S. J. (2007). Single nucleotide polymorphism analysis of corticotropin-releasing factor-binding protein gene in recurrent major depressive disorder. Psychiatry Research, 153, 17-25.
Citation:
Van Den Eede, F., Venken, T., Van Den Bogaert, A., Del-Favero, J., Norrback, K.-F., Nilsson, L.-G., Adolfsson, R., Van Broeckhoven, C., & Claes, S. J. (2007). Single nucleotide polymorphism analysis of corticotropin-releasing factor-binding protein gene in bipolar disorder. Psychiatry Genetics, 17, 304-307.
Citation:
Öhman, L., Bergdahl, J., Nyberg, L., & Nilsson, L.-G. (2007). Longitudinal analysis of the relation between moderate long-term stress and health. Stress and Health, 23, 131-138.
Citation:
de Frias, C.M., Nilsson, L.-G., & Herlitz, A. (2006). Sex differences in cognition are stable over a 10-year period in adulthood and old age. Aging, Neuropsychology and Cognition, 13, 574-587.
Citation:
Holmgren, S., Molander, B., & Nilsson, L.-G. (2006). Intelligence in adult age: Effects of sibship size and birth order. European Journal of Cognitive Psychology, 18, 138-158.
Citation:
Launer, L.J., Berger, K., Breteler, M.M.B., Dufoil, C., Fuhrer, R., Giampoli, S., Nilsson, L.-G., Pajak, A., de Ridder, M., van Dijk, E.J., Sans, S., Schmidt, R., & Hofman, A. (2006). Regional variability in the prevalence of cerebral white matter lesions: An MRI study in 9 European countries (CASCADE). Neuroepidemiology. 26, 23-29.
Citation:
Lind, J., Ingvar, M., Persson, J., Cruts, M., Van Broeckhoven, C., Adolfsson, R., & Nilsson, L.-G. (2006). Parietal cortex activation predicts longitudinal memory decline in APOE-?4 carriers. NeuroReport, 17, 1683-1686.
Citation:
Lind, J., Larsson, A., Persson, J., Ingvar, M., Nilsson, L.-G., Bäckman, L., Adolfsson, R., Cruts, M., Sleegers, K., Van Broeckhoven, C., & Nyberg, L. (2006). Reduced hippocampal volume in non-demented carriers of the Apolipoprotein E ?4: Relation to chronological age and recognition memory. NeuroscienceLetters, 396, 23-27.
Citation:
Lind, J., Persson, J., Ingvar, M., Larsson, A., Cruts, M., Van Broeckhoven, C., Adolfsson, R., Bäckman, L., Nilsson, L.-G., Petersson, K.M., & Nyberg, L. (2006). Reduced functional brain activity response in cognitively intact Apolipoprotein e4 carriers. Brain, 129, 1240-1248.
Citation:
Magnussen, S., Andersson, J., Cornoldi, C., De Bini, R., Endestad, T., Goodman, G.S., Helstrup, T., Koriat, A., Larsson, M., Melinder, A., Nilsson, L.-G., Rönnberg, J., & Zimmer, H. (2006). What people believe about memory. Memory, 14, 595-613.
Citation:
Nilsson, L.-G. (2006). Memory, aging, and dementia: The Betula Study. In S. Ballesteros (Ed.), Aging, cognition and neuroscience, pp. 51-52. Madrid: UNED Ediciones.
Citation:
Nilsson, L.-G., Adolfsson, R., Bäckman, L., Cruts, M., Nyberg, L., Small, B.J., & Van Broeckhoven, C. (2006). The influence of APOE status on episodic and semantic memory: Data from a population-based study. Neuropsychology, 20, 645-657.
Citation:
Nilsson, L.-G., & de Frias, C.M. (2006). The effect of genetics and vascular health on memory functioning: The Betula Study. In Q. Jing, H.-C. Chen, G. d'Ydewalle, M.R. Rosenzweig, H. Zhang, & K. Zhang (Eds.), Proceedings of the 28th International Congress of Psychology, pp. 113-128. London: Psychology Press.
Citation:
Nilsson, L.-G., & Rönnberg, J. (2006). Learning and memory. In K. Pawlik & G. d'Ydewalle (Eds.), Psychological concepts: An international historical perspective, pp. 223-236. Hove, UK: Psychology Press.
Citation:
Persson, J., Lind, J., Larsson, A., Crutz, M., Van Broeckhoven, C., Adolfsson, R., Nilsson, L.-G., & Nyberg, L. (2006). Altered brain white-matter integrity in non-demented carriers of the APOE-?4 allele: A risk for Alzheimer's disease. Neurology, 66, 1029-1033.
Citation:
Persson, J., Nyberg, L., Lind, J., Larssson A., Nilsson, L.-G., Ingvar, M., & Buckner, R.L. (2006). Structure -Function correlates of cognitive decline in aging. Cerebral Cortex, 16, 907-915.
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