SNAC - Swedish National study on Aging and Care
The Swedish National Study on Aging and Care (SNAC) includes four participating regions: SNAC-Blekinge, SNAC-Kungsholmen, SNAC-Nordanstig, and SNAC-Skåne (GÅS). Each of these four regions has a research center that conducts both a population study and a study of the care system.
The fundamental idea behind the study is to collect area-based, individual-level data over an extended period of time, 30 years or more, in order to increase understanding of various aspects of aging, including health and the emergence of care and support needs, viewed from social, medical, and psychological perspectives. At the same time, information is recorded about the services each individual receives from municipal elder care and regional healthcare, as well as support provided by family members and voluntary organizations.
All of this information is compiled into a longitudinal database, which makes it possible to follow both individuals and care interventions over time. This enables researchers, from a holistic perspective, to study how care and support needs change, how well they are met and effects of different interventions.
Research data included in collection (5)
Research data included in collection (5)
General information
General information
Responsible research principal(s) for data included in the collection:
Geographic coverage
Geographic coverage
Topic and keywords
Topic and keywords
Standard för svensk indelning av forskningsämnen 2025:
Keywords:
Publications
Publications
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Werngren-Elgström M, Iwarsson S, Elmståhl S, Dehlin O. ADL dependence and perceived health among elderly deaf sign language users. A comparison with a matched group of elderly hearing people. Scand J Occup Ther. 2005 Jun;12(2):81-8.
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Jakobsson U, Hallberg IR. Mortality among elderly receiving long-term care: a longitudinal cohort study. Aging Clinical & Experimental Research. Aging Clin Exp Res. 2006 Dec;18(6):503-11.
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Kristensson J, Hallberg IR, Lundborg P. Health care costs for people aged 65+ two years prior to them receiving long-term municipal care. Aging Clin Exp Research 2008 Dec;20(6):547-55.
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Ekström H, Elmståhl S. Restriction in social participation and lower life satisfaction among fractured in pain. Results from the population study "Good Aging in Skåne". Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics, 2008 May-June; 46 (3):409-24.
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Ekberg O, Elmståhl S, Björgell O, Hillarp B, Maly P, Redlund Johnell I, Rundgren Å. Geriatrisk radiologi, en viktig del av bild- och funktionsmedicin. Nordisk Geriatrik, 2008 (11) 5; 4-20.
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Karlsson S, Edberg A-K, Westergren A, Hallberg IR. Functional ability and health complaints among older people with a combination of public and informal care vs. public care only. Scand J Caring Sci. 2008; 22(1):136-48.
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Condelius A, Hallberg IR, Jacobsson U. Medical healthcare utilization as related to long-term care at home or in special accommodation. Archives Gerontology and Geriatrics. 2010; 51: 250-6.
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Karlsson S, Edberg A-K, Hallberg IR.Professional's and older person's assessments of functional ability, health complaints and received care and service. A descriptive study. Int J Nurs Stud. 2010 Oct;47(10):1217-27.
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Ekström H, Dahlin-Ivanoff S, Elmståhl S. Effects of walking speed and results of Timed Get-Up-and-Go tests on quality of life and social participation in elderly individuals with a history of osteoporosis-related fractures. Journal Aging Health, 2011; Aug 25 1-21.
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Bramell-Risberg E, Jarnlo G-B, Elmståhl S. Separate physical tests of lower extremities and postural control are associated with cognitive impairment. Results from the general population study Good Aging in Skåne (GÅS-SNAC). Clin Interv Aging. 2012;7:195-205.
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Enkvist Å, Ekström H, Elmståhl S. What factors affect life satisfaction (LS) among the oldest-old? Arch Gerontol Geriatr. 2012 Jan-Feb;54(1):140-5.
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Enkvist Å, Ekström H, Elmståhl S. Associations between functional ability and life satisfaction in the oldest old: results from the longitudinal population study Good Aging in Skåne. Clinical Interventions in Aging. 2012:7 313-320.
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Bramell-Risberg E, Jarnlo G-B, Elmståhl S. Older women with dementia can perform fast alternating forearm movements and performance is correlated with tests of lower extremity function. Clinical Interventions in Aging 2013:8 175-184.
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Ekdahl J, Elmståhl S. Portion size among elder subjects in the general population. A methodological dietary study from Malmö, Sweden. J Aging: Research and Clinical Practice, J Aging Res Clin Practice 2013;2(2):158-167
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Dahlrup B, Nordell E, Steen-Carlsson K, Elmståhl S. Health economic analysis on a psychosocial intervention for family caregivers of persons with dementia. Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord. 2013 Oct 24;37(3-4):181-195.
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Enkvist Å, Ekström H, Elmståhl S. Associations between cognitive abilities and life satisfaction in the oldest-old Results from the longitudinal population study Good Aging in Skåne. Clinical Interventions in Aging, 2013, 8:845-853.
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Karlsson S, Edberg A-K, Jakobsson U, Hallberg IR. Care satisfaction among older people receiving public care and service at home or in special accommodation. J Clin Nurs. 2013 Feb;22(3-4):318-30.
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Wranker L.S., Rennemark M., Berglund J., Elmståhl S. Relationship between pain and Quality of Life-Findings from the Swedish National Study on Aging and Care-Blekinge study. Scandinavian Journal of Pain, 2014;5:270-275.
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Berner J, Rennemark M, Jogréus C, Anderberg, P, Sköldunger A, Wahlberg M, Elmståhl S, Berglund J. Internet use by older-adults in rural and urban settings in Sweden - results from the SNAC study. Health Informatics J. 2014 Feb 24. [Epub ahead of print]
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Werner K, Elmståhl S, Christensson A, Pihlsgård M. Male sex and vascular risk factors affect cystatin-C derived renal function in older people without diabetes or overt vascular disease. Age and Ageing, 2014; 43 (3): 411-7.
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Lagergren M, Fagerström C, Nordell E, Berglund J, Fratiglioni L, Sjölund B-M, Wimo A, Elmståhl S. Horizontal and vertical targeting efficiency - a population-based comparison between users and non-users of public long-term care for older persons in Sweden. Ageing and Society, 2014;34:700-719. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0144686X12001225Opens in a new tab Published online: 20 December 2012.
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Gavrilidou NN, Pihlsgård M, Elmståhl S.High degree of BMI misclassification of malnutrition among Swedish elderly population: Age-adjusted height estimation using knee height and demispan. Eur J Clin Nutr. 2015 May;69(5):565-71. doi: 10.1038/ejcn.2014.183. Epub 2014 Sep 10.
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Luoto J Elmståhl S, Wollmer P, Pihlsgård M. Incidence of airflow limitation in subjects 65-100 years of age. Eur Respir J. 2016 Feb;47(2):461-72. doi: 10.1183/13993003.00635-2015. Epub 2015 Dec 17.
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Dahlrup B, Ekström H, Nordell E, Elmståhl S. Coping as a caregiver: A question of strain and its consequences on life satisfaction and health-related quality of life. Arch Gerontol Geriatr. 2015 Sep-Oct;61(2):261-70. doi: 10.1016/j.archger.2015.06.007. Epub 2015 Jun 25
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Roos V, Elmståhl S, Ingelsson E, Sundström J, Ärnlöv J, Lind L. Metabolic syndrome development during ageing - with special reference to obesity without the metabolic syndrome. Metabolic Syndrome and Related Disorders, 2016, Nov 1. doi: 10.1111/ane.12709. [Epub ahead of print] PMID: 27804110
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Lindberg T, Bohman D, Elmståhl S, Jogréus C, Sanmartin Berglund J. Prevalence of unknown and untreated arrhythmias in an older outpatient population screened by wireless long-term recording ECG. Clinical Interventions in Aging 2016: 10; 11: 1083-90
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Lindberg T, Berglund J, Elmståhl S, Bohman D. Older individuals need for knowledge and follow up about their chronic Atrial Fibrillation, lifelong medical treatment and medical controls. Scand J Caring Sciences. 2017 in press.
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Wranker, L. S., Elmståhl, S., & Ekström, H. (2018). Pain and alcohol : A comparison of two cohorts of 60 year old women and men: Findings from the Good Aging in Skåne study. In Scandinavian Journal of Pain (Vol. 18, Issue 4, pp. 611–620). https://doi.org/10.1515/sjpain-2018-0064Opens in a new tab
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Elmståhl, S., Dahlrup, B., Ekström, H., & Nordell, E. (2018). The association between medical diagnosis and caregiver burden : a cross-sectional study of recipients of informal support and caregivers from the general population study ‘Good Aging in Skåne’, Sweden. In Aging clinical and experimental research (Vol. 30, Issue 9, pp. 1023–1032). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40520-017-0870-0Opens in a new tab
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Månsson, T., Overton, M., Pihlsgård, M., & Elmståhl, S. (2019). Impaired kidney function is associated with lower cognitive function in the elder general population. Results from the Good Aging in Skåne (GÅS) cohort study. In BMC Geriatrics (No. 360; Vol. 19, Issue 1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12877-019-1381-yOpens in a new tab
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Ekstrom, H., Auoja, N. L., Elmstahl, S., Sandin Wranker, L., Ekström, H., Auoja, N. L., & Elmståhl, S. (2020). High Burden among Older Family Caregivers is Associated with High Prevalence of Symptoms: Data from the Swedish Study “Good Aging in Skane (GAS).” In Journal of Aging Research (No. 5272130; Vol. 2020). https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/5272130Opens in a new tab
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Elmståhl, S. I., Sanmartin Berglund, J., Fagerstrom, C., Ekström, H., Berglund, J. S., Fagerström, C., Elmståhl, S., & Elmståhl, S. (2020). The life satisfaction index-a (LSI-A) : Normative data for a general swedish population aged 60 to 93 years. In Clinical Interventions in Aging (Vol. 15, pp. 2031–2039). https://doi.org/10.2147/CIA.S275387Opens in a new tab
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Werntoft E, Hallberg IR, Edberg A-K. Prioritization and resource allocation in health care: the views of older people receiving continuous public care and service. Health Expect 2007; 10(2): 117-128.
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Condelius A, Edberg A-K, Hallberg IR, Jakobsson U. Utilization of medical healthcare among people receiving long-term care at home or in special accommodation. Scand J Caring Sci. 2010;24:404-13.
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Elmståhl, S., Ellström, K., Siennicki-Lantz, A., & Abul-Kasim, K. (2019). Association between cerebral microbleeds and hypertension in the Swedish general population “Good Aging in Skåne” study. In Journal of Clinical Hypertension (Vol. 21, Issue 8, pp. 1099–1107). https://doi.org/10.1111/jch.13606Opens in a new tab
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Ekström, H., Elmståhl, S., Sandin Wranker, L., Ekström, H., & Elmståhl, S. (2021). Physical Performance in Older Cohorts: A Comparison of 81-Year-Old Swedish Men and Women Born Twelve Years Apart - Results from the Swedish Study “good Aging in Skåne.” In Journal of Aging Research (No. 8813992; Vol. 2021). https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/8813992Opens in a new tab
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Werntoft E, Rahm Hallberg I, Elmståhl S, Edberg A.-K. (2005) Older people's views of priorities in health care. Aging Clinical and Experimental Research 2005; 17:402-411.
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Lagergren M, Fratiglioni L, Hallberg IR, Berglund J, Elmståhl S, Hagberg B, Holst G, Rennemark M, Sjölund BM, Thorslund M, Wiberg I, Winblad B, Wimo A. A longitudinal study integrating population, care and social services data. The Swedish National study on Aging and Care (SNAC). Aging Clin Exp Res. 2004 Apr;16(2):158-68.
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Lagergren M, Fratiglioni L, Hallberg I R, Berglund J, Elmståhl S, Hagberg B, Holst G, Rennemark M, Sjölund B-M, Thorslund M, Wiberg, I, Winblad B, Wimo A. A longitudinal study, integrating population and care and social service data - The Swedish National study on Ageing and Care (SNAC). Aging Clin Exp Research, 2004; 16: 158-168.
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Lagergren, M., Fratiglioni, L., Hallberg, I. R., Berglund, J., Elmståhl, S., Hagberg, B., Holst, G., Rennemark, M., Sjölund, B.-M., & Thorslund, M. (2004). A longitudinal study integrating population, care and social services data. The Swedish National study on Aging and Care (SNAC). In Aging Clinical and Experimental Research (Vol. 16, Issue 2, pp. 158–168). http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:bth-8643Opens in a new tab
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Lagergren, M., Fratiglioni, L., Hallberg, I. R., Berglund, J., Elmståhl, S., Hagberg, B., Holst, G., Rennemark, M., Sjölund, B. M., Thorslund, M., Wiberg, I., Winblad, B., & Wimo, A. (2004). A longitudinal study integrating population, care and social services data : The Swedish National study on Aging and Care (SNAC). Aging Clinical and Experimental Research, 16(2), 158–168. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-3452Opens in a new tab
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Werntoft E, Edberg A-K, Rooke L, Hermerén G, Elmståhl S, Hallberg IR. Older people's views of prioritization in health care. The applicability of an interview study. Journal of Clinical Nursing. 2005;14, Suppl 2, 64-74.
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Ekström H, Elmståhl S. Pain and fracture are independent factors related to lower walking speed and grip strength seven years after an osteoporotic fracture. Acta Orthopedica 2006, Dec;77(6):902-11.
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Werntoft E, Hallberg IR, Elmståhl S, Edberg A-K. Older people´s view of how to finance increasing health care costs. Ageing & Society, 2006; 26: 497-514.
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Karlsson S, Edberg A-K, Westergren A, Hallberg IR. Older people receiving public long-term care in relation to consumption of medical health care and informal care. Open Geriatr Med J 2008; 1: 1-9.
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Modig S, Kristensson J, Ekwall AK, Hallberg IR, Midlöv P. Frail elderly patients in primary care--their medication knowledge and beliefs about prescribed medicines. Eur J Clin Pharmacol. 2009;65(2):151-5.
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Bramell-Risberg E, Jarnlo G-B, Elmståhl S. Slowing of alternating forearm movements is associated with cognitive impairment in community-dwelling older people. Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord. 2010;29(5):457-66.
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Szanto O, Montnemery P, Elmståhl S. Prevalence of airway obstruction in the elderly: results from a cross-sectional spirometric study of nine age cohorts between the ages of 60 and 93 years. Prim Care Respir J. 2010 Sep;19(3):231-6. .
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Jönsson KM, Wieloch M, Sterner G, Nyman U, Elmståhl S, Engström G, Svensson PJ. Glomerular filtration rate in patients with atrial fibrillation on warfarin treatment: a subgroup analysis from the AURICULA registry in Sweden. Thromb Res. 2011 Oct;128(4):341-5.
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Christensson A, Elmståhl S. Estimation of the age-dependent decline of glomerular filtration rate from formulas based on creatinine and cystatin C in the general elderly population. Nephron Clin Pract. 2011;117(1):c40-50. Epub 2010.
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Montnemery P, Elmståhl S. Diagnosis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease with special reference to over- and underdiagnosis using spirometry. Book chapter, Primary Care, 2012, Primary Care at a Glance - Hot Topics and New Insights 2012 ISBN 979-953-307-556-2.
ISBN:
979-953-307-556-2
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Elmståhl S, Ekström H. Prediktorer för livstillfredsställelse, funktionsförmåga och aktiviteter i det dagliga livet - Data från den longitudinella befolkningsstudien ”Gott Åldrande i Skåne” En sexårsuppföljning av 60 till 93 år gamla malmöbor. Geriatriskt utvecklingscentrum, Skånes universitetssjukhus, Malmö, 2012, 1-23. ISBN-nummer 978-91-975977-1-5.
ISBN:
978-91-975977-1-5
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Sterner G, Elmståhl S, Frid A. Metformin treatment, renal function and lactic acidosis. A population based study. British J Diabetes Vascular Disease, 2012;12:227-231.
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Enkvist Å, Ekström H, Elmståhl S. Life satisfaction (LS) and symptoms among the oldest-old: Results from the longitudinal population study called Good Aging in Skåne (GÅS). Arch Gerontol Geriatr. 2012 Jan-Feb;54(1):146-50.
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Douhan J, Elmståhl S. Fysisk aktivitet & bra matvanor för det goda åldrandet. - Resultat från forskningsprojektet Gott Åldrande i Skåne (GÅS). Geriatriskt utvecklingscentrum, Skånes universitetssjukhus, Malmö, 2013; 1-34. ISBN-nummer 978-91-975977-2-2.
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Stenhagen M, Nordell E, Elmståhl S. Falls in elderly people: a multifactorial analysis of risk markers using data from the Swedish general population study 'Good Ageing in Skåne'. Aging Clin Exp Res. 2013 Apr;25(1):59-67. doi: 10.1007/s40520-013-0015-z. Epub 2013 Feb 21.
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Ekström H, Dahlin-Ivanoff S, Elmståhl S. Does informal support influence social participation of fractured elderly people? Arch Gerontol Geriatr. 2013 May-Jun;56(3):457-65
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Kylén M, Ekström H, Haak M, Elmståhl S, Iwarsson S. Home and health in the third age - Methodological background and descriptive findings. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2014 Jul 11;11(7):7060-80.
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Lagergren M, Fagerström C, Sjölund B-M, Berglund J, Fratiglioni L, Nordell E, von Strauss E, Wimo A, Elmståhl S. Horizontal and vertical targeting - a population-based comparison of public eldercare services in urban and rural areas of Sweden. Aging Clin Exp Res. 2016 Feb;28(1):147-58. doi: 10.1007/s40520-015-0369-5. Epub 2015 May 20.
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Elmståhl S, Widerström E. Orthostatic intolerance predicts mild cognitive impairment: incidence of mild cognitive impairment and dementia from the Swedish general population cohort Good Aging in Skåne. Clin Interv Aging. 2014 Nov 20;9:1993-2002.
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Stenhagen M, Ekström H, Nordell E, Elmståhl S. Falls in the general elderly population: A 3- and 6-year follow-up of risk factors using data from the longitudinal population study ‘Good Aging in Skåne’" BMC Geriatr. 2013 Aug 7;13(1):81. [Epub ahead of print] MID: 23919320
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Manskow US, Sigurdardottir S, Røe C, Andelic N, Skandsen T, Damsgård Elmståhl S, Anke A. Factors affecting caregiver burden one year after severe traumatic brain injury: A prospective nationwide multicenter study. J Head Trauma Rehabilitation, 2014 Aug 12. [Epub ahead of print]
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Hägg M. Houston B. Ekström H. Elmståhl S. Wann Hansson C. Sleep quality, use of hypnotics and sleeping habits in different age groups among older people. Scand J Car Sci, 2014, Feb, DOI: 10.1111/scs.12119
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Stenhagen M, Ekström H, Nordell E, Elmståhl S. Accidental falls, health-related quality of life and life satisfaction: A prospective study of the general elderly population. Arch Gerontol Geriatr. 2014 Jan-Feb;58(1):95-100. doi: 10.1016/j.archger.2013.07.006. Epub 2013 Aug 8.
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Stenhagen M, Ekström H, Nordell E, Elmståhl S. Both deterioration and improvement in activities of daily living are related to falls: A 6-year follow-up of the general elderly population study 'Good Aging in Skane' (GAS-SNAC). Clin Interv Aging. 2014 Oct 28;9:1839-46.
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Haak M, Kylén M, Ekström H, Schmidt SM, Horstmann V, Elmståhl S, Iwarsson S. Relationships between perceived aspects of home and symptoms in a cohort aged 67-70. Arch Gerontol Geriatr. 2015 Nov-Dec;61(3):529-34. doi: 10.1016/j.archger.2015.06.013. Epub 2015 Jun 25.
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Gavrilidou NN, Pihlsgård M, Elmståhl S. Anthropometric reference data for elderly Swedes and its disease-related pattern. Eur J Clin Nutr. 2015 Sep;69(9):1066-75. doi: 10.1038/ejcn.2015.73. Epub 2015 May 20.
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Sandin-Wranker L, Rennemark M, Elmståhl S, Berglund J. The influence of personality traits on perception of pain in older adults - Findings from the Swedish National Study on Aging and Care - Blekinge study. Scandinavian Journal of Pain, 2015;7:3-8
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Delavaran H, Jönsson A-C, Lövkvist H, Iwarsson S, Elmståhl S, Norrving B, Lindgren A. Cognitive function in stroke survivors: A 10-year follow-up study. Acta Neurol Scand, 2016; Nov 1. doi: 10.1111/ane.12709. [Epub ahead of print] PMID: 7804110
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Wranker L.S., Rennemark M., Berglund J., Elmståhl S. A 9-year follow-up of women and men reporting pain: Results from the Swedish National Study of Aging and Care - Blekinge (accepted), 2016
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Egervall, K., Rosso, A., & Elmståhl, S. (2021). Association between cardiovascular disease- and inflammation-related serum biomarkers and poor lung function in elderly. In Clinical Proteomics (No. 23; Vol. 18, Issue 1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12014-021-09329-7Opens in a new tab
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Wimo A, Elmståhl S, Fratiglioni L, Sjölund BM, Sköldunger A, Fagerström C, Berglund J, Lagergren M Formal and Informal Care of Community-Living Older People: A Population-Based Study from the Swedish National Study on Aging and Care. J Nutr Health Aging. 2017;21(1):17-24. doi: 10.1007/s12603-016-0747-5.
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Legrand H, Nordell E, Pihlsgård M, Elmståhl S. A long-recommended but seldom-used method of analysis for fall injuries found a unique pattern of risk factors in the youngest-old. Aging Clin Exp Res. 2015 Aug;27(4):439-45. doi: 10.1007/s40520-014-0308-x. Epub 2015 Jan 14.
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Elmståhl, S., Lundholm-Auoja, N., Ekström, H., Sandin Wranker, L., Ekström, H., Elmståhl, S., & Lundholm-Auoja, N. (2020). Being an older family caregiver does not impact healthcare and mortality: Data from the study ‘Good Aging in Skåne.’ In Scandinavian Journal of Public Health. https://doi.org/10.1177/1403494820960648Opens in a new tab